Government Warns Meitei, Kuki-Zo Groups Against Violating Ground Rules
Government warns Meitei, Kuki-Zo insurgent groups against violating ground rules.
Photo by Saw Wunna
Key Facts
MHA warns Meitei, Kuki-Zo groups against violating rules
UNLF-P asked to return looted weapons by April end
Manipur under President’s Rule since February 13, 2025
UPSC Exam Angles
GS Paper III: Internal Security Challenges
GS Paper II: Governance, Constitution, Polity, Social Justice and International relations
Potential questions on ethnic conflict resolution and governance in Northeast India
Visual Insights
Manipur: Conflict Zones and SoO Camp Locations
Map showing conflict-affected areas in Manipur and the locations of designated SoO camps. Highlights the vulnerability of areas near the camps.
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More Information
Background
The ethnic tensions in Manipur have deep historical roots, stemming from the region's diverse ethnic composition and historical power dynamics. The Meitei community, predominantly Hindu and residing in the Imphal Valley, historically held political dominance. The Kuki-Zo communities, largely Christian and residing in the surrounding hills, have sought greater autonomy and recognition.
This has led to periodic conflicts over land, resources, and political representation. The integration of Manipur into India in 1949 and subsequent statehood in 1972 did not fully address these underlying tensions, and various insurgent groups emerged, advocating for different forms of self-determination or protection of their respective communities. The complexities are further compounded by cross-border ethnic linkages with Myanmar, influencing migration patterns and the flow of arms and support to insurgent groups.
Latest Developments
In recent years, the situation in Manipur has been marked by increased polarization and a rise in ethnic nationalism. The ongoing conflict is exacerbated by factors such as competition for resources, perceived discrimination, and the proliferation of misinformation. The central and state governments have been attempting to address the situation through various measures, including peace talks with insurgent groups, development initiatives, and security operations.
However, these efforts have faced challenges due to the deep-seated mistrust between communities and the involvement of various actors with conflicting interests. The future outlook remains uncertain, with the need for a comprehensive approach that addresses the root causes of the conflict and promotes inclusive governance and equitable development.
Practice Questions (MCQs)
1. Consider the following statements regarding the Suspension of Operations (SoO) agreements in Manipur: 1. SoO agreements are tripartite agreements involving the Government of India, the State Government, and insurgent groups. 2. The primary objective of SoO agreements is to facilitate dialogue and peaceful resolution of conflicts. 3. All insurgent groups operating in Manipur are signatories to SoO agreements. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- A.1 and 2 only
- B.2 and 3 only
- C.1 and 3 only
- D.1, 2 and 3
Show Answer
Answer: A
Statements 1 and 2 are correct. Not all insurgent groups are signatories to SoO agreements; some groups continue to operate outside the framework.
2. Which of the following constitutional provisions empowers the Union Government to issue directives to a state government in matters concerning internal security?
- A.Article 352
- B.Article 355
- C.Article 356
- D.Article 365
Show Answer
Answer: B
Article 355 empowers the Union to protect every State against external aggression and internal disturbance and to ensure that the government of every State is carried on in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution.
3. The United National Liberation Front – Pambei faction (UNLF-P), recently in news, primarily operates in which of the following states?
- A.Assam
- B.Nagaland
- C.Manipur
- D.Mizoram
Show Answer
Answer: C
The UNLF-P primarily operates in Manipur. It is one of the insurgent groups that the government is engaging with.