2 minConstitutional Provision
Constitutional Provision

Republic Day

What is Republic Day?

Republic Day is an annual national holiday in India celebrated on January 26 each year, commemorating the date on which the Constitution of India came into effect in 1950.

Historical Background

India achieved independence on August 15, 1947. The Constituent Assembly adopted the Constitution on November 26, 1949, and it was formally enacted on January 26, 1950. This date was chosen because it was on this day in 1930 that the Indian National Congress proclaimed Purna Swaraj complete self-rule.

Key Points

9 points
  • 1.

    Celebrates the adoption and enforcement of the Constitution of India.

  • 2.

    Main celebration held in New Delhi, with a grand parade at Kartavya Path (formerly Rajpath).

  • 3.

    Parade showcases India's military might, cultural diversity, and technological advancements.

  • 4.

    Features tableaux from various states, Union Territories, and central ministries.

  • 5.

    The President of India unfurls the National Flag and takes the salute.

  • 6.

    Awards like Bharat Ratna, Padma Awards, and gallantry awards are often announced around this time.

  • 7.

    Symbolizes India's transition to a sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic republic.

  • 8.

    Reinforces national unity, patriotism, and adherence to constitutional values.

  • 9.

    Culminates with the Beating Retreat ceremony on January 29.

Recent Developments

4 developments
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Renaming of Rajpath to Kartavya Path in 2022.

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Increased focus on 'Nari Shakti' women empowerment and 'Atmanirbhar Bharat' self-reliant India themes in recent parades.

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Inclusion of Vande Mataram as a key highlight in cultural programs, as mentioned in the news.

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Emphasis on showcasing indigenous military equipment and capabilities.

Source Topic

Indian Coast Guard Celebrates 50th Raising Day in 2026

Polity & Governance

UPSC Relevance

Crucial for UPSC GS Paper 1 (Indian Heritage and Culture, Modern Indian History) and GS Paper 2 (Polity - Constitution). Frequently asked in Prelims regarding historical facts, constitutional dates, and in Mains for questions on national identity, constitutional values, and cultural significance.