What is Criminal Justice System?
Historical Background
Key Points
10 points- 1.
Presumption of innocence: Accused is presumed innocent until proven guilty.
- 2.
Fair trial: Right to a fair and impartial trial.
- 3.
Right to legal representation: Accused has the right to an attorney.
- 4.
Burden of proof: The prosecution must prove the guilt of the accused beyond a reasonable doubt.
- 5.
Admissibility of evidence: Rules governing what evidence can be presented in court.
- 6.
Sentencing guidelines: Principles and laws that guide judges in determining appropriate sentences.
- 7.
Appeals process: Right to appeal a conviction or sentence to a higher court.
- 8.
Role of police: Investigation, arrest, and gathering evidence.
- 9.
Role of prosecution: Presenting the case against the accused.
- 10.
Role of judiciary: Adjudicating the case and ensuring a fair trial.
Recent Developments
5 developmentsCriminal Law Reforms: Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, and Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam (to replace IPC, CrPC, and Evidence Act respectively).
Focus on victim rights and compensation.
Use of technology in investigations and court proceedings (e-courts).
Debate on police reforms and accountability.
Emphasis on speedy trials and reducing pendency of cases.
This Concept in News
3 topicsPolice Station Reform: A Foundation for Justice System Improvement
18 Feb 2026The news highlights the importance of the police in the Criminal Justice System. It demonstrates that focusing solely on court reforms is not enough; improvements must start at the grassroots level with the police. This news applies the concept of holistic reform, challenging the traditional approach of focusing only on the judicial aspect. It reveals that police reform is essential for a truly effective CJS. The implication is that future reforms should prioritize improving policing practices. Understanding the CJS is crucial for analyzing this news because it provides the context for why police reform is so important for overall justice system improvement. Without a strong and accountable police force, the entire system is weakened.
Karnataka MLA Arrested in Murder Case After Bail Rejection
13 Feb 2026This news highlights the aspect of accountability within the Criminal Justice System. The arrest of an MLA, regardless of their political position, demonstrates that the system is designed to hold everyone accountable under the law. The news challenges the concept in practice by raising questions about potential political influence in the investigation and judicial process. It reveals the ongoing need for transparency and impartiality in the system. The implications of this news are that it reinforces the importance of upholding the rule of law and ensuring that no one is above the law. Understanding the Criminal Justice System is crucial for analyzing this news because it provides the framework for understanding the legal procedures involved, the rights of the accused, and the role of the courts in ensuring justice.
Occultist Arrested for Murdering Three, Stealing Cash After Ritual
12 Feb 2026This news story demonstrates the core function of the Criminal Justice System: responding to and addressing criminal activity. It highlights the investigation process, the arrest of a suspect, and the potential for prosecution. The news underscores the system's role in maintaining law and order and protecting citizens from harm. The fact that the accused has a history of similar crimes raises questions about the effectiveness of the system in preventing repeat offenses. This news reveals the ongoing challenges faced by the CJS in dealing with complex cases and ensuring public safety. Understanding the CJS is crucial for analyzing this news because it provides the framework for understanding the legal processes involved, the rights of the accused, and the potential outcomes of the case. It allows for a more informed assessment of the system's effectiveness and its impact on society.