This timeline traces the establishment and constitutional evolution of High Courts in India, highlighting their foundational moments and recent significant interventions.
Indian High Courts Act passed by British Parliament, paving the way for High Courts in India.
First High Courts established in Calcutta, Bombay, and Madras, replacing earlier judicial bodies.
Constitution of India adopted, formally establishing High Courts for each state under Articles 214-231.
Gurdaspur local court orders preservation of CDR, GPS data of police personnel in an alleged encounter case, reflecting judicial scrutiny.
High Court orders CBI probe into alleged corpse torture and faulty police investigations in Ferozepur, emphasizing its role in police accountability.
This mind map outlines the multifaceted powers and jurisdiction of High Courts in India, emphasizing their critical role in the judicial system and their constitutional basis.
Original (Admiralty, Marriage, PIL)
Appellate (Appeals from lower courts)
Writ Jurisdiction (Article 226)
Supervisory (Article 227)
Judicial Review
Guardian of Fundamental Rights
Ensures Executive Accountability
Judges Appointment (President, CJI, Governor)
Tenure (62 years), Security of Tenure
This timeline traces the establishment and constitutional evolution of High Courts in India, highlighting their foundational moments and recent significant interventions.
Indian High Courts Act passed by British Parliament, paving the way for High Courts in India.
First High Courts established in Calcutta, Bombay, and Madras, replacing earlier judicial bodies.
Constitution of India adopted, formally establishing High Courts for each state under Articles 214-231.
Gurdaspur local court orders preservation of CDR, GPS data of police personnel in an alleged encounter case, reflecting judicial scrutiny.
High Court orders CBI probe into alleged corpse torture and faulty police investigations in Ferozepur, emphasizing its role in police accountability.
This mind map outlines the multifaceted powers and jurisdiction of High Courts in India, emphasizing their critical role in the judicial system and their constitutional basis.
Original (Admiralty, Marriage, PIL)
Appellate (Appeals from lower courts)
Writ Jurisdiction (Article 226)
Supervisory (Article 227)
Judicial Review
Guardian of Fundamental Rights
Ensures Executive Accountability
Judges Appointment (President, CJI, Governor)
Tenure (62 years), Security of Tenure
Established under Article 214 of the Constitution of India.
Each state has a High Court, but some High Courts have jurisdiction over multiple states and union territories.
Judges are appointed by the President of India in consultation with the Chief Justice of India and the Governor of the state.
Has original jurisdiction in matters of writ petitions (Article 226), election disputes, and company matters.
Has appellate jurisdiction over subordinate courts in civil and criminal cases.
Can issue writs (habeas corpus, mandamus, prohibition, certiorari, quo warranto) for the enforcement of fundamental rights and for other purposes.
Supervises the functioning of subordinate courts within its jurisdiction.
Judges can be transferred from one High Court to another by the President of India.
The retirement age for High Court judges is 62 years.
Salaries and allowances of High Court judges are charged on the Consolidated Fund of the State.
This timeline traces the establishment and constitutional evolution of High Courts in India, highlighting their foundational moments and recent significant interventions.
The High Courts have evolved from colonial institutions to constitutional pillars, playing a vital role in upholding justice, protecting fundamental rights, and ensuring accountability of the executive and subordinate judiciary.
This mind map outlines the multifaceted powers and jurisdiction of High Courts in India, emphasizing their critical role in the judicial system and their constitutional basis.
High Court
Established under Article 214 of the Constitution of India.
Each state has a High Court, but some High Courts have jurisdiction over multiple states and union territories.
Judges are appointed by the President of India in consultation with the Chief Justice of India and the Governor of the state.
Has original jurisdiction in matters of writ petitions (Article 226), election disputes, and company matters.
Has appellate jurisdiction over subordinate courts in civil and criminal cases.
Can issue writs (habeas corpus, mandamus, prohibition, certiorari, quo warranto) for the enforcement of fundamental rights and for other purposes.
Supervises the functioning of subordinate courts within its jurisdiction.
Judges can be transferred from one High Court to another by the President of India.
The retirement age for High Court judges is 62 years.
Salaries and allowances of High Court judges are charged on the Consolidated Fund of the State.
This timeline traces the establishment and constitutional evolution of High Courts in India, highlighting their foundational moments and recent significant interventions.
The High Courts have evolved from colonial institutions to constitutional pillars, playing a vital role in upholding justice, protecting fundamental rights, and ensuring accountability of the executive and subordinate judiciary.
This mind map outlines the multifaceted powers and jurisdiction of High Courts in India, emphasizing their critical role in the judicial system and their constitutional basis.
High Court
