मनरेगा प्रतिस्थापन: त्रुटिपूर्ण तर्क और ग्रामीण रोजगार चिंताएँ
मनरेगा को बदलने के तर्क में सार नहीं है, ग्रामीण रोजगार को लेकर चिंताएँ बढ़ रही हैं।
Photo by Rohit Dey
संपादकीय विश्लेषण
UPSC परीक्षा के दृष्टिकोण
GS Paper 2: Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation.
GS Paper 3: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization of resources, growth, development and employment.
Potential question types: Analyzing the socio-economic impact of MGNREGA, evaluating its effectiveness in poverty reduction, and assessing the challenges in its implementation.
दृश्य सामग्री
और जानकारी
पृष्ठभूमि
नवीनतम घटनाक्रम
अक्सर पूछे जाने वाले सवाल
1. What is MGNREGA and why is it important, according to the editorial?
According to the editorial, MGNREGA (Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act) is important because it provides an employment guarantee to rural populations. The editorial highlights concerns that replacing it could negatively impact rural employment.
2. What are the key concerns raised about replacing MGNREGA?
The main concern is the potential negative impact on rural employment, as the arguments for replacing MGNREGA are considered weak and fail to adequately address the needs of rural populations who rely on the scheme.
3. What was the historical background of MGNREGA?
MGNREGA's genesis can be traced back to earlier schemes like the Employment Assurance Scheme (EAS) in 1993 and the Sampoorna Grameen Rozgar Yojana (SGRY) in 2001. These schemes aimed to provide wage employment in rural areas but faced challenges like inconsistent funding.
4. Why is MGNREGA in the news recently?
MGNREGA is in the news due to debates about its effectiveness and efficiency, especially with increased demand following economic disruptions like the COVID-19 pandemic. This has put pressure on government finances.
5. What are the arguments against MGNREGA that might lead to calls for its replacement?
The editorial suggests that arguments for replacing MGNREGA are based on concerns about its effectiveness and efficiency, potentially linked to the financial burden on the government due to increased demand.
6. As an administrator, what reforms would you suggest for MGNREGA to improve its effectiveness?
Based on the provided context, reforms should focus on improving efficiency and convergence with other rural development programs. Addressing financial pressures due to increased demand is also crucial.
7. What are the pros and cons of MGNREGA, considering the current debate?
Pros include providing a crucial employment safety net in rural areas. Cons involve concerns about its efficiency, potential financial strain on the government, and debates about whether it adequately addresses rural needs.
8. What is the focus of current developments related to MGNREGA?
Current developments emphasize convergence with other rural development programs, such as the National Rural Livelihoods Mission, to enhance its impact.
9. What are the key facts about MGNREGA that are important for the UPSC Prelims exam?
For Prelims, remember that MGNREGA aims to provide a legal guarantee of wage employment in rural areas. Also, be aware of its historical context, stemming from earlier employment schemes.
10. What are the potential impacts on common citizens if MGNREGA is replaced?
If MGNREGA is replaced, common citizens in rural areas could face increased unemployment and reduced income, especially those who rely on it as a safety net during economic hardship.
बहुविकल्पीय प्रश्न (MCQ)
1. निम्नलिखित में से कौन सा कथन भारत में मनरेगा के अधिनियमन तक रोजगार गारंटी योजनाओं के ऐतिहासिक विकास का सटीक वर्णन करता है? 1. 1993 में शुरू की गई रोजगार आश्वासन योजना (ईएएस) ने मजदूरी रोजगार की कानूनी गारंटी दी। 2. 2001 में संपूर्ण ग्रामीण रोजगार योजना (एसजीआरवाई) सामाजिक ऑडिट को शामिल करने वाली पहली योजना थी। 3. मनरेगा का कानूनी ढांचा 1970 के दशक में महाराष्ट्र जैसे राज्यों में लागू रोजगार गारंटी योजनाओं से प्रेरित था। नीचे दिए गए कूट का उपयोग करके सही उत्तर का चयन करें:
- A.केवल 1
- B.केवल 3
- C.1 और 2
- D.2 और 3
उत्तर देखें
सही उत्तर: B
कथन 1 गलत है: ईएएस ने कानूनी गारंटी नहीं दी; यह मजदूरी रोजगार प्रदान करने के उद्देश्य से एक योजना थी लेकिन इसमें कानूनी समर्थन की कमी थी। कथन 2 गलत है: एसजीआरवाई ने सामाजिक ऑडिट पेश नहीं किया। सामाजिक ऑडिट रोजगार योजनाओं में बाद में जोड़ा गया, खासकर मनरेगा के तहत इस पर जोर दिया गया। कथन 3 सही है: मनरेगा का कानूनी ढांचा वास्तव में 1970 के दशक में महाराष्ट्र में लागू की गई सफल रोजगार गारंटी योजनाओं से प्रेरित था, जिसने रोजगार की कानूनी गारंटी देने के लिए एक मॉडल प्रदान किया।
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