Courts Grapple with AI's Impact on Personality Rights

सही उत्तर: B

Statement 1 is incorrect. Personality rights are not explicitly codified under a dedicated statute in India but have evolved through common law and judicial pronouncements. Statement 2 is correct. The tort of 'passing off' is indeed used to protect against unauthorized commercial exploitation by preventing others from 'passing off' their goods or services as those of another, thereby protecting the goodwill and reputation associated with an individual's identity. Statement 3 is incorrect. The 'right to publicity' primarily prevents the unauthorized commercial exploitation of an individual's name, image, or likeness. The 'passing off' tort is more directly related to preventing misrepresentation of goods or services. Statement 4 is incorrect. The K.S. Puttaswamy judgment, which affirmed the Right to Privacy as a fundamental right under Article 21, has a significant bearing on personality rights, as unauthorized use of one's identity can be seen as an infringement of personal autonomy and privacy.

सही उत्तर: C

Statement 1 is correct. 'Deepfakes' are synthetic media in which a person in an existing image or video is replaced with someone else's likeness using AI, often depicting them saying or doing things they never did. Statement 2 is incorrect. The summary explicitly states that the Delhi High Court is 'grappling' with the challenge and that existing legal frameworks are 'being applied' but implicitly highlights the 'need for a robust legal response', indicating that they are not considered fully adequate for the novel and complex challenges posed by AI-driven impersonation. Statement 3 is correct. Addressing the impact of AI on personality rights involves a complex balancing act between safeguarding individuals' rights to their identity and privacy, and ensuring that legal frameworks do not unduly stifle innovation and the development of beneficial AI technologies.

सही उत्तर: B

Option A is incorrect. Copyright protects the expression of an idea (IPR), but personality rights protect the commercial value and control over an individual's identity, not primarily the expression of an idea. Option B is correct. Personality rights focus on the individual's unique persona (name, image, voice, likeness) and their right to control its commercial use. In contrast, Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) like Copyright protect original literary, dramatic, musical, and artistic works, while Trademarks protect brand names, logos, and symbols used to identify goods or services. Option C is incorrect. IPR is codified under specific statutes (e.g., Copyright Act, 1957; Trademarks Act, 1999), but personality rights are largely based on common law and constitutional interpretation in India. Option D is incorrect. IPR is a distinct field of law, not a subset of personality rights. While an individual's creative works might be protected by copyright, and their name/brand by trademark, personality rights specifically address the individual's identity itself.