National Family Health Survey (NFHS) क्या है?
ऐतिहासिक पृष्ठभूमि
मुख्य प्रावधान
8 points- 1.
Collects data on key indicators such as fertility rates, mortality rates (infant, child, maternal), family planning practices, maternal and child health, nutrition, anemia, HIV/AIDS knowledge, gender-based violence, and women's empowerment.
- 2.
Provides reliable data at the national, state, and district levels, enabling disaggregated analysis.
- 3.
Serves as a vital source of information for policy formulation, program implementation, and monitoring progress towards national and international development goals (e.g., SDGs).
- 4.
Uses a two-stage stratified sampling design to ensure representativeness.
- 5.
Data collection involves household interviews, biomarker collection (e.g., height, weight, hemoglobin), and interviews with eligible women and men.
- 6.
The latest round, NFHS-5 (2019-21), covered 707 districts across 28 states and 8 UTs.
- 7.
Key findings from NFHS-5 include a decline in Total Fertility Rate (TFR) to 2.0, an increase in institutional deliveries, and a reduction in child marriage prevalence.
- 8.
It is a primary source for tracking progress on various health and social indicators, including those related to child marriage and women's empowerment.
दृश्य सामग्री
Key Findings from NFHS-5 (2019-21): A Snapshot of India's Health & Social Indicators
This dashboard presents critical statistics from the latest National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5), offering insights into India's progress in health, family welfare, and social indicators, which are vital for UPSC preparation.
- Child Marriage Prevalence (Girls 20-24 married before 18)
- 23.3%Down from 47.4% (NFHS-3)
- Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
- 2.0Down from 2.2 (NFHS-4)
- Institutional Deliveries
- 88.6%Up from 78.9% (NFHS-4)
- Women (15-49) who are Literate
- 77.7%Up from 72.4% (NFHS-4)
- Women (15-49) participating in household decisions
- 88.7%Up from 84% (NFHS-4)
A significant decline over two decades, but still a critical concern, especially in certain states. Directly linked to SDG 5.3.
India's TFR has fallen below the replacement level (2.1) for the first time, indicating a major demographic shift with implications for population control and workforce.
Reflects improved access to maternal healthcare services and the success of schemes like Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram (JSSK).
Increased female literacy is a key indicator of women's empowerment and has positive correlations with child health, family planning, and economic participation.
An important measure of women's agency and empowerment within the household, reflecting shifts in gender dynamics.
हालिया विकास
3 विकासThe final report of NFHS-5 (2019-21) was released, providing comprehensive data on various health and social indicators.
NFHS-5 data has been instrumental in assessing the impact of government schemes and policies, such as Beti Bachao Beti Padhao and Poshan Abhiyaan.
The data from NFHS-5 has been used to highlight regional disparities and identify areas requiring targeted interventions, including the prevalence of child marriage in specific states.