Manipur Protests Escalate: Internet Snapped Amidst Village Relocation Dispute
Protests over Kuki-Zo village relocation in Manipur lead to deaths, injuries, and internet shutdown.
Photo by Elist Nguyen
Protests have erupted in Manipur's Kangpokpi district following the proposed relocation of a Kuki-Zo village, leading to two deaths, dozens injured, and shops being set on fire. Authorities have imposed a curfew and snapped internet services to control the situation.
The unrest began after the state government's decision to relocate the village, which has sparked significant opposition from the Kuki-Zo community. This incident highlights the volatile ethnic tensions and governance challenges in the region, demanding immediate attention to prevent further escalation and ensure peace.
मुख्य तथ्य
Protests in Kangpokpi district, Manipur
Two individuals killed, dozens injured
Shops set on fire
Internet services snapped
Curfew imposed
Dispute over Kuki-Zo village relocation
UPSC परीक्षा के दृष्टिकोण
Constitutional provisions for special states (Article 371C)
Tribal rights, land rights, and displacement issues
Law and order, internet shutdowns, and fundamental rights (Article 19)
Ethnic conflicts and their socio-economic and political dimensions
Governance challenges in the Northeast, including autonomous councils
दृश्य सामग्री
Manipur Protests: Location of Unrest & Context
This map illustrates the geographical context of the recent protests in Manipur, specifically highlighting the Kangpokpi district where the unrest and internet shutdown occurred. It also shows Manipur's position within the sensitive North-Eastern region of India.
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और जानकारी
पृष्ठभूमि
नवीनतम घटनाक्रम
बहुविकल्पीय प्रश्न (MCQ)
1. Consider the following statements regarding internet shutdowns in India: 1. The Temporary Suspension of Telecom Services (Public Emergency or Public Safety) Rules, 2017, are the primary legal framework for ordering internet shutdowns. 2. The Supreme Court, in the Anuradha Bhasin v. Union of India case, declared that an indefinite internet shutdown is a violation of the freedom of speech and expression under Article 19(1)(a) of the Constitution. 3. Orders for internet shutdowns can only be issued by the Central Government, not by state authorities. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
उत्तर देखें
सही उत्तर: B
Statement 1 is correct. The Temporary Suspension of Telecom Services (Public Emergency or Public Safety) Rules, 2017, framed under the Indian Telegraph Act, 1885, provide the legal basis for temporary suspension of telecom services, including internet. Statement 2 is correct. In the landmark Anuradha Bhasin case (2020), the Supreme Court ruled that the right to access the internet is a fundamental right under Article 19(1)(a) and (g) of the Constitution, and any restriction must be temporary, necessary, and proportionate. It also stated that indefinite internet shutdowns are impermissible. Statement 3 is incorrect. Under the 2017 Rules, orders for internet shutdowns can be issued by the Secretary to the Government of India in the Ministry of Home Affairs or by the Secretary to the State Government in charge of the Home Department, making it possible for state authorities to issue such orders.
2. With reference to the special provisions for Manipur under the Constitution of India, consider the following statements: 1. Article 371C provides for the constitution of a Committee of the Manipur Legislative Assembly consisting of members elected from the Hill Areas of the State. 2. The Hill Areas Committee is empowered to make laws for the administration of tribal areas in Manipur, similar to the Autonomous District Councils under the Sixth Schedule. 3. The Governor of Manipur has special responsibilities regarding the administration of the Hill Areas, including submitting an annual report to the President on the administration of these areas. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
उत्तर देखें
सही उत्तर: B
Statement 1 is correct. Article 371C of the Constitution makes special provisions with respect to the State of Manipur, including the constitution of a Committee of the Manipur Legislative Assembly consisting of members elected from the Hill Areas of the State. Statement 2 is incorrect. While the Hill Areas Committee has an important role, it is primarily advisory in nature and does not have legislative powers similar to the Autonomous District Councils under the Sixth Schedule. The tribal areas of Manipur are not under the Sixth Schedule; they are administered under Article 371C. Statement 3 is correct. Article 371C also vests special responsibilities in the Governor of Manipur regarding the administration of the Hill Areas, including ensuring the proper functioning of the Hill Areas Committee and submitting an annual report to the President on the administration of these areas.
3. In the context of tribal land rights and displacement in India, which of the following statements is generally correct?
उत्तर देखें
सही उत्तर: C
Option A is incorrect. While the state has the power of eminent domain, various laws and judicial pronouncements emphasize the need for consultation, consent (especially for Scheduled Areas under PESA), and comprehensive rehabilitation plans for tribal communities, recognizing their unique relationship with land. Option B is incorrect. Modern rehabilitation and resettlement policies, especially for tribal communities, go beyond mere monetary compensation to include land-for-land, livelihood restoration, and cultural preservation components. Option C is correct. The Forest Rights Act (FRA), 2006, is a landmark legislation that recognizes and vests forest rights and occupation in forest-dwelling Scheduled Tribes and other traditional forest dwellers, including individual and community forest rights, and the right to protect, regenerate, or conserve any community forest resource. Option D is incorrect. PESA Act, 1996, is specifically applicable to the Fifth Schedule Areas (Scheduled Areas) and not to all tribal areas across India, nor to areas not designated as Scheduled Areas.