Indonesia Declares Emergency After Earthquake Kills Over 200 in West Java
A powerful earthquake in West Java, Indonesia, has killed over 200, prompting a state of emergency and highlighting the region's seismic vulnerability.
Photo by Fahrul Razi
मुख्य तथ्य
An earthquake struck West Java, Indonesia.
Over 200 people were killed, with many victims being children.
Indonesia declared a state of emergency.
The country is located on the Pacific 'Ring of Fire'.
Thousands were injured and displaced.
UPSC परीक्षा के दृष्टिकोण
Geographical aspects: Understanding the 'Ring of Fire', plate tectonics, and specific plate boundaries affecting Indonesia.
Disaster Management: Policies, frameworks, and institutional mechanisms for preparedness, response, mitigation, and rehabilitation in earthquake-prone regions (both globally and in the Indian context).
Environmental impact: Long-term ecological and socio-economic consequences of major seismic events.
International cooperation: Role of international aid and collaboration in disaster relief and capacity building.
Vulnerability and risk assessment: Analyzing factors that increase vulnerability to natural disasters and strategies for risk reduction.
दृश्य सामग्री
Indonesia Earthquake: West Java & 'Ring of Fire' Context
This map pinpoints the location of the recent earthquake in West Java, Indonesia, and illustrates Indonesia's position within the seismically active 'Ring of Fire'. It highlights the country's extreme vulnerability to such natural disasters due to its unique geographical setting.
Loading interactive map...
और जानकारी
पृष्ठभूमि
नवीनतम घटनाक्रम
बहुविकल्पीय प्रश्न (MCQ)
1. Consider the following statements regarding the 'Ring of Fire': 1. It is a major area in the basin of the Pacific Ocean where a large number of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur. 2. It is primarily caused by the movement of the Pacific Plate over a stationary hotspot. 3. Indonesia, being part of the Ring of Fire, experiences seismic activity mainly due to the subduction of the Indo-Australian Plate beneath the Eurasian Plate. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
उत्तर देखें
सही उत्तर: B
Statement 1 is correct. The Ring of Fire is indeed a major area in the Pacific Ocean basin known for intense seismic and volcanic activity. Statement 2 is incorrect. The Ring of Fire is primarily caused by the movement and interaction of several major tectonic plates at their boundaries (convergent, divergent, and transform), leading to subduction zones, not by a stationary hotspot. Hotspots are distinct geological phenomena. Statement 3 is correct. Indonesia's seismic activity is largely attributed to its location at the convergence of several major plates, including the subduction of the Indo-Australian Plate beneath the Eurasian Plate, which is a key part of the Ring of Fire's dynamics in that region.
2. Which of the following statements correctly describes the characteristics of different types of seismic waves? 1. P-waves (Primary waves) are compressional waves that can travel through solids, liquids, and gases, and are the fastest seismic waves. 2. S-waves (Secondary waves) are shear waves that can travel only through solids and are slower than P-waves. 3. Surface waves (Love and Rayleigh waves) cause the most damage during an earthquake due to their larger amplitude and longer duration, and travel faster than body waves. Select the correct answer using the code given below:
उत्तर देखें
सही उत्तर: A
Statement 1 is correct. P-waves are indeed compressional (longitudinal) waves, the fastest seismic waves, and can propagate through all states of matter (solids, liquids, gases). Statement 2 is correct. S-waves are shear (transverse) waves that can only travel through solids because liquids and gases cannot support shear stress. They are slower than P-waves. Statement 3 is incorrect. While surface waves (Love and Rayleigh waves) do cause the most damage due to their larger amplitude and longer duration, they travel slower than body waves (P and S waves).
3. In the context of disaster management in India, which of the following statements is NOT correct?
उत्तर देखें
सही उत्तर: D
Statements A, B, and C are correct. The Disaster Management Act, 2005, establishes the NDMA under the Prime Minister, the NDRF as a specialized response force under NDMA, and SDMAs headed by Chief Ministers. Statement D is NOT correct. While state governments often request NDRF deployment, the NDRF can also be deployed proactively by the central government (NDMA/MHA) based on threat assessment or in anticipation of a disaster, without waiting for a formal request from the affected state, especially in rapidly unfolding situations. This ensures swift response and minimizes loss.
संबंधित लेख
नौ बोत्सवाना चीते कुनो पार्क में छोड़े गए
मच्छरों ने 1.8 मिलियन वर्ष पहले होमिनिन को काटना शुरू किया: अध्ययन
दिल्ली एनसीआर के लिए केवल ईवी पर बहस पर कार निर्माता, सीएक्यूएम आमने-सामने
एनजीटी में विशेषज्ञों के लिए जगह, उनमें से ज्यादातर अब पूर्व सरकारी अधिकारी हैं
भारत को आज बोत्सवाना से आठ चीतों का नया जत्था मिलेगा