अनुसूचित जातियां (Scheduled Castes), अनुसूचित जनजातियां (Scheduled Tribes), अन्य पिछड़ा वर्ग (Other Backward Classes) क्या है?
ऐतिहासिक पृष्ठभूमि
मुख्य प्रावधान
12 points- 1.
भारतीय संविधान SCs, STs और OBCs के लिए शिक्षा, नौकरी और विधानसभाओं में आरक्षण का प्रावधान करता है।
- 2.
Article 15(4) राज्य को नागरिकों के किसी भी सामाजिक और शैक्षिक रूप से पिछड़े वर्ग या SCs और STs की उन्नति के लिए विशेष प्रावधान करने की अनुमति देता है।
- 3.
Article 16(4) राज्य को नागरिकों के किसी भी पिछड़े वर्ग के लिए नियुक्तियों या पदों के आरक्षण के लिए प्रावधान करने का अधिकार देता है, जो राज्य की राय में, राज्य के अधीन सेवाओं में पर्याप्त रूप से प्रतिनिधित्व नहीं करता है।
- 4.
Article 330 और Article 332 क्रमशः लोकसभा और राज्य विधानसभाओं में SCs और STs के लिए सीटों के आरक्षण का प्रावधान करते हैं।
दृश्य सामग्री
Comparison of SCs, STs, and OBCs
A comparative analysis of Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and Other Backward Classes based on key parameters.
| Feature | Scheduled Castes (SCs) | Scheduled Tribes (STs) | Other Backward Classes (OBCs) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Constitutional Basis | Article 341 | Article 342 | Article 340 |
| Identification | Historical discrimination and social exclusion | Historical discrimination and social exclusion, distinct culture | Social and educational backwardness |
| Constitutional Body | National Commission for Scheduled Castes (NCSC) | National Commission for Scheduled Tribes (NCST) | National Commission for Backward Classes (NCBC) |
| Reservation | Education, employment, legislatures | Education, employment, legislatures | Education, employment |
| Key Legislation | Protection of Civil Rights Act, 1955; SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989 |
वास्तविक दुनिया के उदाहरण
1 उदाहरणयह अवधारणा 1 वास्तविक उदाहरणों में दिखाई दी है अवधि: Feb 2026 से Feb 2026
स्रोत विषय
Centre Denies Plans for Separate Legal Status for Denotified Tribes
Polity & GovernanceUPSC महत्व
सामान्य प्रश्न
121. What are Scheduled Castes (SCs), Scheduled Tribes (STs), and Other Backward Classes (OBCs) and what is their constitutional basis?
Scheduled Castes (SCs), Scheduled Tribes (STs), and Other Backward Classes (OBCs) are officially recognized groups in India facing social and economic disadvantages. The Indian Constitution has special rules to protect and uplift these communities. SCs and STs are identified based on historical discrimination. OBCs are identified based on social and educational backwardness. The aim is to address past injustices and promote equality through affirmative action like reservations.
परीक्षा युक्ति
Remember that SCs and STs are identified based on historical discrimination, while OBCs are identified based on social and educational backwardness.
2. What are the key constitutional provisions related to SCs, STs, and OBCs?
The Constitution of India includes several articles providing for the protection and upliftment of SCs, STs, and OBCs. These include: * Article 15(4): Allows the state to make special provisions for the advancement of any socially and educationally backward classes or for SCs and STs. * Article 16(4): Empowers the state to make provisions for reservation of appointments or posts in favor of any backward class of citizens. * Article 330 and Article 332: Provide for reservation of seats for SCs and STs in the Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies.