What is Demographic Transition?
Historical Background
Key Points
8 points- 1.
Stage 1: High birth and death rates, low population growth, pre-industrial society
- 2.
Stage 2: Death rates decline due to improved sanitation and healthcare, birth rates remain high, rapid population growth
- 3.
Stage 3: Birth rates decline due to urbanization, education, and access to contraception, population growth slows down
- 4.
Stage 4: Low birth and death rates, stable population or slow growth, industrialized society
- 5.
Stage 5: Birth rates fall below death rates, population decline, aging population
- 6.
Factors influencing demographic transition: Economic development, Education, Healthcare, Social norms, Government policies
- 7.
Demographic dividend: Increased working-age population relative to dependents, potential for economic growth
- 8.
Challenges: Aging population, Strain on social security systems, Regional disparities in demographic trends
Visual Insights
Demographic Transition in India: Key Milestones
Timeline of key events and policies related to demographic transition in India.
India's demographic transition has been shaped by various factors, including government policies, socio-economic development, and healthcare advancements.
- 1952India launches the National Family Planning Program
- 1977Family Planning renamed Family Welfare Program
- 2000National Population Policy 2000: Aimed at achieving population stabilization by 2045
- 2011Census of India: Reveals declining fertility rates in several states
- 2021Delayed Census of India due to COVID-19 pandemic
- 2026RBI Report highlights regional disparities in demographic transition
Demographic Transition: Key Concepts and Impacts
Mind map illustrating the key concepts, stages, and impacts of demographic transition.
Demographic Transition
- ●Stages
- ●Drivers
- ●Impacts
- ●Policy Implications
Recent Developments
5 developmentsIndia is currently in Stage 3 or 4 of demographic transition
Concerns about declining fertility rates in some states
Focus on improving healthcare access and promoting education to accelerate demographic transition
Policies to address the challenges of an aging population, such as pension reforms and healthcare for the elderly
Debate on the impact of demographic change on economic growth and social development