What is Keystone Species?
A keystone species is a species that has a disproportionately large effect on its environment relative to its abundance. The removal of a keystone species can lead to significant changes in the ecosystem structure and function. Often a top predator, but not always
Historical Background
The concept was introduced by zoologist Robert Paine in 1969, who studied the impact of starfish on intertidal ecosystems. His research demonstrated that the removal of starfish led to a decline in biodiversity.