Sovereignty:

Internal sovereignty: Supreme authority within its borders (e.g., making laws, enforcing justice).

External sovereignty: Independence from external control, equality with other states.

Territorial integrity: Inviolability of a state's borders.

Non-interference: Principle that states should not interfere in the internal affairs of other states.

Can be limited by international treaties and membership in international organizations.

Self-determination:

Right of a people to choose their own political status (e.g., independence, integration, autonomy).

Enshrined in Article 1(2) of the UN Charter and Article 1 of the International Covenants on Human Rights.

Often associated with decolonization and the rights of indigenous peoples.

Can lead to demands for secession, autonomy, or greater devolution of power.

The right is generally understood to apply to "peoples" rather than minorities within existing states, to prevent fragmentation.

Sovereignty:

Internal sovereignty: Supreme authority within its borders (e.g., making laws, enforcing justice).

External sovereignty: Independence from external control, equality with other states.

Territorial integrity: Inviolability of a state's borders.

Non-interference: Principle that states should not interfere in the internal affairs of other states.

Can be limited by international treaties and membership in international organizations.

Self-determination:

Right of a people to choose their own political status (e.g., independence, integration, autonomy).

Enshrined in Article 1(2) of the UN Charter and Article 1 of the International Covenants on Human Rights.

Often associated with decolonization and the rights of indigenous peoples.

Can lead to demands for secession, autonomy, or greater devolution of power.

The right is generally understood to apply to "peoples" rather than minorities within existing states, to prevent fragmentation.