What is Cross-border Terrorism/Extremism?
Historical Background
Key Points
10 points- 1.
Involves the infiltration of terrorists, arms, and funds across international borders.
- 2.
Often supported by state actors or non-state actors in neighboring countries.
- 3.
Utilizes porous borders, difficult terrain, and sometimes local sympathizers for operations.
- 4.
Objectives include destabilization, radicalization, economic disruption, and political coercion.
- 5.
Requires robust border management, intelligence gathering, and counter-terrorism operations.
- 6.
Challenges include identifying and neutralizing sleeper cells and terror financing networks.
- 7.
Demands strong international cooperation, bilateral agreements, and intelligence sharing.
- 8.
Impacts diplomatic relations and can lead to regional tensions.
- 9.
Examples include Lashkar-e-Taiba, Jaish-e-Mohammed, and Jamaat-ul-Mujahideen Bangladesh (JMB).
- 10.
Often linked to drug trafficking, arms smuggling, and illegal migration.
Visual Insights
Dynamics of Cross-border Terrorism & Extremism
This mind map illustrates the key aspects of cross-border terrorism, including its drivers, modus operandi, impact, and the comprehensive counter-measures required.
Cross-border Terrorism/Extremism
- ●Drivers & Enablers
- ●Modus Operandi
- ●Impact & Consequences
- ●Counter-Measures
Key Cross-border Terrorist/Extremist Groups Affecting India
This table provides a comparative overview of prominent cross-border extremist groups, their origins, areas of operation, and primary objectives, crucial for understanding India's security landscape.
| Group Name | Origin/Base | Primary Area of Operation | Key Objectives/Activities | Status in India |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jamaat-ul-Mujahideen Bangladesh (JMB) | Bangladesh | Bangladesh, Northeast India (Assam, Tripura, West Bengal) | Establish Islamic rule in Bangladesh, destabilize Northeast India, radicalization. | Banned (UAPA) |
| Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT) | Pakistan | Jammu & Kashmir, other parts of India | Wage 'jihad' against India, integrate J&K with Pakistan, major terror attacks. | Banned (UAPA) |
| Jaish-e-Mohammed (JeM) | Pakistan | Jammu & Kashmir, other parts of India | Integrate J&K with Pakistan, pan-Islamic agenda, suicide attacks. | Banned (UAPA) |
| Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami (HuJI) | Bangladesh/Pakistan | Bangladesh, Northeast India, West Bengal | Establish Islamic rule, target Indian interests, often linked to JMB. | Banned (UAPA) |
Recent Developments
6 developmentsIncreased use of drones for dropping arms and drugs across borders.
Exploitation of cyber space for recruitment, propaganda, and financing.
Growing nexus between terror groups and organized crime syndicates.
Focus on countering radicalization and extremist ideologies online and offline.
India's active role in global forums like the UN and SCO to combat terrorism.
Enhanced border surveillance technologies and integrated check posts.