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2 minConstitutional Provision
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  3. Concepts
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  5. Constitutional Provision
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  7. Special Provisions for States (Article 371 and its series)
Constitutional Provision

Special Provisions for States (Article 371 and its series)

What is Special Provisions for States (Article 371 and its series)?

Special Provisions for States refer to specific constitutional articles, primarily Articles 371 to 371J in Part XXI of the Indian Constitution, that grant special status or administrative arrangements to certain states. These provisions are designed to address the unique historical, social, economic, or cultural needs of these regions, protect indigenous populations, and promote balanced development.

Special Provisions for States: Articles 371 to 371J (December 2025)

This table provides a concise overview of the special provisions granted to various states under Articles 371 to 371J, detailing the state, the specific article, and the key provisions, crucial for memorization and comparative analysis.

States with Special Provisions (Articles 371-371J) (December 2025)

This map visually represents all the Indian states that have special constitutional provisions under Articles 371 to 371J, highlighting the geographical spread of these unique arrangements.

Geographic Context

Map Type: india_states

Key Regions:
MaharashtraGujaratNagalandAssamManipurAndhra PradeshTelanganaSikkimMizoramArunachal PradeshGoaKarnataka
Legend:
States with Special Provisions (Articles 371-371J)
2 minConstitutional Provision
  1. Home
  2. /
  3. Concepts
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  5. Constitutional Provision
  6. /
  7. Special Provisions for States (Article 371 and its series)
Constitutional Provision

Special Provisions for States (Article 371 and its series)

What is Special Provisions for States (Article 371 and its series)?

Special Provisions for States refer to specific constitutional articles, primarily Articles 371 to 371J in Part XXI of the Indian Constitution, that grant special status or administrative arrangements to certain states. These provisions are designed to address the unique historical, social, economic, or cultural needs of these regions, protect indigenous populations, and promote balanced development.

Special Provisions for States: Articles 371 to 371J (December 2025)

This table provides a concise overview of the special provisions granted to various states under Articles 371 to 371J, detailing the state, the specific article, and the key provisions, crucial for memorization and comparative analysis.

States with Special Provisions (Articles 371-371J) (December 2025)

This map visually represents all the Indian states that have special constitutional provisions under Articles 371 to 371J, highlighting the geographical spread of these unique arrangements.

Geographic Context

Map Type: india_states

Key Regions:
MaharashtraGujaratNagalandAssamManipurAndhra PradeshTelanganaSikkimMizoramArunachal PradeshGoaKarnataka
Legend:
States with Special Provisions (Articles 371-371J)

Special Constitutional Provisions for States (Articles 371-371J)

ArticleState(s)Key Provision(s)
371Maharashtra & GujaratSpecial responsibility of Governor for development boards (Vidarbha, Marathwada, Saurashtra, Kutch); equitable allocation of funds & opportunities.
371ANagalandProtection of Naga customary law, land ownership, religious/social practices. No Act of Parliament on these matters applies unless State Assembly decides.
371BAssamProvision for a committee of members of the Legislative Assembly from tribal areas.
371CManipurProvision for a committee of members of the Legislative Assembly from Hill Areas; special responsibility of Governor for its proper functioning.
371D & 371EAndhra Pradesh & TelanganaEquitable opportunities in public employment & education; establishment of a Central University in AP.
371FSikkimProtection of rights & interests of Sikkimese people; continuation of existing laws; minimum 30 members in Legislative Assembly.
371GMizoramProtection of Mizo customary law, land ownership, religious/social practices. No Act of Parliament on these matters applies unless State Assembly decides.
371HArunachal PradeshSpecial responsibility of Governor for law and order, exercised in his individual judgment.
371IGoaLegislative Assembly to consist of not less than 30 members.
371JKarnatakaEstablishment of a development board for Hyderabad-Karnataka region; equitable allocation of funds & opportunities; reservation in education & employment.

💡 Highlighted: Row 0 is particularly important for exam preparation

Special Constitutional Provisions for States (Articles 371-371J)

ArticleState(s)Key Provision(s)
371Maharashtra & GujaratSpecial responsibility of Governor for development boards (Vidarbha, Marathwada, Saurashtra, Kutch); equitable allocation of funds & opportunities.
371ANagalandProtection of Naga customary law, land ownership, religious/social practices. No Act of Parliament on these matters applies unless State Assembly decides.
371BAssamProvision for a committee of members of the Legislative Assembly from tribal areas.
371CManipurProvision for a committee of members of the Legislative Assembly from Hill Areas; special responsibility of Governor for its proper functioning.
371D & 371EAndhra Pradesh & TelanganaEquitable opportunities in public employment & education; establishment of a Central University in AP.
371FSikkimProtection of rights & interests of Sikkimese people; continuation of existing laws; minimum 30 members in Legislative Assembly.
371GMizoramProtection of Mizo customary law, land ownership, religious/social practices. No Act of Parliament on these matters applies unless State Assembly decides.
371HArunachal PradeshSpecial responsibility of Governor for law and order, exercised in his individual judgment.
371IGoaLegislative Assembly to consist of not less than 30 members.
371JKarnatakaEstablishment of a development board for Hyderabad-Karnataka region; equitable allocation of funds & opportunities; reservation in education & employment.

💡 Highlighted: Row 0 is particularly important for exam preparation

Historical Background

These provisions were incorporated into the Constitution at various times, often during the reorganization of states or to accommodate specific regional demands and protect the interests of local populations. They reflect India's commitment to cooperative federalism and the recognition of regional diversity.

Key Points

11 points
  • 1.

    Article 371 (Maharashtra and Gujarat): Empowers the President to provide for special responsibility of the Governor for the establishment of development boards for Vidarbha, Marathwada, Saurashtra, Kutch, and the rest of Maharashtra/Gujarat.

  • 2.

    Article 371A (Nagaland): Protects Naga customary law and procedure, ownership and transfer of land and its resources, and religious/social practices. No Act of Parliament on these matters applies unless the State Legislative Assembly decides.

  • 3.

    Article 371B (Assam): Provides for the constitution of a committee of members of the Legislative Assembly from the tribal areas of Assam.

  • 4.

    Article 371C (Manipur): Provides for the constitution of a committee of members of the Legislative Assembly from the Hill Areas of Manipur and special responsibility of the Governor regarding its proper functioning.

  • 5.

    Article 371D & E (Andhra Pradesh and Telangana): Provide for equitable opportunities and facilities for people in public employment and education, and the establishment of a Central University in Andhra Pradesh.

  • 6.

    Article 371F (Sikkim): Protects the rights and interests of the people of Sikkim, including the continuation of existing laws and the size of the Legislative Assembly (not less than 30 members).

  • 7.

    Article 371G (Mizoram): Similar to Article 371A, protects Mizo customary law, land ownership, and religious/social practices.

  • 8.

    Article 371H (Arunachal Pradesh): Grants special responsibility to the Governor for law and order, which he exercises in his individual judgment.

  • 9.

    Article 371I (Goa): Stipulates that the Legislative Assembly of Goa shall consist of not less than 30 members.

  • 10.

    Article 371J (Karnataka): Provides for the establishment of a development board for the Hyderabad-Karnataka region and equitable allocation of funds and opportunities.

  • 11.

    Purpose: To safeguard the cultural identity, economic interests, and political autonomy of specific regions and communities, fostering national integration through accommodation.

Visual Insights

Special Provisions for States: Articles 371 to 371J (December 2025)

This table provides a concise overview of the special provisions granted to various states under Articles 371 to 371J, detailing the state, the specific article, and the key provisions, crucial for memorization and comparative analysis.

ArticleState(s)Key Provision(s)
371Maharashtra & GujaratSpecial responsibility of Governor for development boards (Vidarbha, Marathwada, Saurashtra, Kutch); equitable allocation of funds & opportunities.
371ANagalandProtection of Naga customary law, land ownership, religious/social practices. No Act of Parliament on these matters applies unless State Assembly decides.
371BAssamProvision for a committee of members of the Legislative Assembly from tribal areas.
371CManipurProvision for a committee of members of the Legislative Assembly from Hill Areas; special responsibility of Governor for its proper functioning.
371D & 371EAndhra Pradesh & TelanganaEquitable opportunities in public employment & education; establishment of a Central University in AP.
371FSikkimProtection of rights & interests of Sikkimese people; continuation of existing laws; minimum 30 members in Legislative Assembly.
371GMizoramProtection of Mizo customary law, land ownership, religious/social practices. No Act of Parliament on these matters applies unless State Assembly decides.
371HArunachal PradeshSpecial responsibility of Governor for law and order, exercised in his individual judgment.
371IGoaLegislative Assembly to consist of not less than 30 members.
371JKarnatakaEstablishment of a development board for Hyderabad-Karnataka region; equitable allocation of funds & opportunities; reservation in education & employment.

States with Special Provisions (Articles 371-371J) (December 2025)

This map visually represents all the Indian states that have special constitutional provisions under Articles 371 to 371J, highlighting the geographical spread of these unique arrangements.

  • 📍Maharashtra — Article 371
  • 📍Gujarat — Article 371
  • 📍Nagaland — Article 371A
  • 📍Assam — Article 371B
  • 📍Manipur — Article 371C
  • 📍Andhra Pradesh — Article 371D & 371E
  • 📍Telangana — Article 371D & 371E
  • 📍Sikkim — Article 371F
  • 📍Mizoram — Article 371G
  • 📍Arunachal Pradesh — Article 371H
  • 📍Goa — Article 371I
  • 📍Karnataka — Article 371J

Related Concepts

Internal Security Challenges in Northeast IndiaSixth Schedule of the Indian ConstitutionEthnic Conflicts

Source Topic

Fresh Violence Erupts in Manipur Tribal Area, Two Killed

Polity & Governance

UPSC Relevance

Highly important for UPSC GS Paper 2 (Polity, Federalism, Centre-State Relations, Constitutional Provisions). Frequently asked in both Prelims (e.g., which article for which state, key features) and Mains (e.g., significance, challenges, impact on federalism).

On This Page

DefinitionHistorical BackgroundKey PointsVisual InsightsRelated ConceptsUPSC RelevanceSource Topic

Source Topic

Fresh Violence Erupts in Manipur Tribal Area, Two KilledPolity & Governance

Related Concepts

Internal Security Challenges in Northeast IndiaSixth Schedule of the Indian ConstitutionEthnic Conflicts

Historical Background

These provisions were incorporated into the Constitution at various times, often during the reorganization of states or to accommodate specific regional demands and protect the interests of local populations. They reflect India's commitment to cooperative federalism and the recognition of regional diversity.

Key Points

11 points
  • 1.

    Article 371 (Maharashtra and Gujarat): Empowers the President to provide for special responsibility of the Governor for the establishment of development boards for Vidarbha, Marathwada, Saurashtra, Kutch, and the rest of Maharashtra/Gujarat.

  • 2.

    Article 371A (Nagaland): Protects Naga customary law and procedure, ownership and transfer of land and its resources, and religious/social practices. No Act of Parliament on these matters applies unless the State Legislative Assembly decides.

  • 3.

    Article 371B (Assam): Provides for the constitution of a committee of members of the Legislative Assembly from the tribal areas of Assam.

  • 4.

    Article 371C (Manipur): Provides for the constitution of a committee of members of the Legislative Assembly from the Hill Areas of Manipur and special responsibility of the Governor regarding its proper functioning.

  • 5.

    Article 371D & E (Andhra Pradesh and Telangana): Provide for equitable opportunities and facilities for people in public employment and education, and the establishment of a Central University in Andhra Pradesh.

  • 6.

    Article 371F (Sikkim): Protects the rights and interests of the people of Sikkim, including the continuation of existing laws and the size of the Legislative Assembly (not less than 30 members).

  • 7.

    Article 371G (Mizoram): Similar to Article 371A, protects Mizo customary law, land ownership, and religious/social practices.

  • 8.

    Article 371H (Arunachal Pradesh): Grants special responsibility to the Governor for law and order, which he exercises in his individual judgment.

  • 9.

    Article 371I (Goa): Stipulates that the Legislative Assembly of Goa shall consist of not less than 30 members.

  • 10.

    Article 371J (Karnataka): Provides for the establishment of a development board for the Hyderabad-Karnataka region and equitable allocation of funds and opportunities.

  • 11.

    Purpose: To safeguard the cultural identity, economic interests, and political autonomy of specific regions and communities, fostering national integration through accommodation.

Visual Insights

Special Provisions for States: Articles 371 to 371J (December 2025)

This table provides a concise overview of the special provisions granted to various states under Articles 371 to 371J, detailing the state, the specific article, and the key provisions, crucial for memorization and comparative analysis.

ArticleState(s)Key Provision(s)
371Maharashtra & GujaratSpecial responsibility of Governor for development boards (Vidarbha, Marathwada, Saurashtra, Kutch); equitable allocation of funds & opportunities.
371ANagalandProtection of Naga customary law, land ownership, religious/social practices. No Act of Parliament on these matters applies unless State Assembly decides.
371BAssamProvision for a committee of members of the Legislative Assembly from tribal areas.
371CManipurProvision for a committee of members of the Legislative Assembly from Hill Areas; special responsibility of Governor for its proper functioning.
371D & 371EAndhra Pradesh & TelanganaEquitable opportunities in public employment & education; establishment of a Central University in AP.
371FSikkimProtection of rights & interests of Sikkimese people; continuation of existing laws; minimum 30 members in Legislative Assembly.
371GMizoramProtection of Mizo customary law, land ownership, religious/social practices. No Act of Parliament on these matters applies unless State Assembly decides.
371HArunachal PradeshSpecial responsibility of Governor for law and order, exercised in his individual judgment.
371IGoaLegislative Assembly to consist of not less than 30 members.
371JKarnatakaEstablishment of a development board for Hyderabad-Karnataka region; equitable allocation of funds & opportunities; reservation in education & employment.

States with Special Provisions (Articles 371-371J) (December 2025)

This map visually represents all the Indian states that have special constitutional provisions under Articles 371 to 371J, highlighting the geographical spread of these unique arrangements.

  • 📍Maharashtra — Article 371
  • 📍Gujarat — Article 371
  • 📍Nagaland — Article 371A
  • 📍Assam — Article 371B
  • 📍Manipur — Article 371C
  • 📍Andhra Pradesh — Article 371D & 371E
  • 📍Telangana — Article 371D & 371E
  • 📍Sikkim — Article 371F
  • 📍Mizoram — Article 371G
  • 📍Arunachal Pradesh — Article 371H
  • 📍Goa — Article 371I
  • 📍Karnataka — Article 371J

Related Concepts

Internal Security Challenges in Northeast IndiaSixth Schedule of the Indian ConstitutionEthnic Conflicts

Source Topic

Fresh Violence Erupts in Manipur Tribal Area, Two Killed

Polity & Governance

UPSC Relevance

Highly important for UPSC GS Paper 2 (Polity, Federalism, Centre-State Relations, Constitutional Provisions). Frequently asked in both Prelims (e.g., which article for which state, key features) and Mains (e.g., significance, challenges, impact on federalism).

On This Page

DefinitionHistorical BackgroundKey PointsVisual InsightsRelated ConceptsUPSC RelevanceSource Topic

Source Topic

Fresh Violence Erupts in Manipur Tribal Area, Two KilledPolity & Governance

Related Concepts

Internal Security Challenges in Northeast IndiaSixth Schedule of the Indian ConstitutionEthnic Conflicts