Article 48A (Directive Principles of State Policy): State shall endeavor to protect and improve the environment and to safeguard the forests and wildlife of the country.

Article 51A(g) (Fundamental Duty): It shall be the duty of every citizen of India to protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers and wildlife, and to have compassion for living creatures.

Article 21 (Right to Life): Interpreted by the Supreme Court to include the right to a clean and healthy environment.

Environment (Protection) Act 1986: Umbrella legislation for environmental protection, giving powers to the Central Government.

Wildlife (Protection) Act 1972: For protection of wild animals, birds, and plants, and establishment of protected areas.

Forest (Conservation) Act 1980: Regulates the diversion of forest land for non-forest purposes.

National Green Tribunal Act 2010: Established NGT for effective and expeditious disposal of cases relating to environmental protection and conservation.

India is committed to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly those related to climate action, life on land, and clean water.

The Polluter Pays Principle and Precautionary Principle are key judicial doctrines applied in environmental cases.

Article 48A (Directive Principles of State Policy): State shall endeavor to protect and improve the environment and to safeguard the forests and wildlife of the country.

Article 51A(g) (Fundamental Duty): It shall be the duty of every citizen of India to protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers and wildlife, and to have compassion for living creatures.

Article 21 (Right to Life): Interpreted by the Supreme Court to include the right to a clean and healthy environment.

Environment (Protection) Act 1986: Umbrella legislation for environmental protection, giving powers to the Central Government.

Wildlife (Protection) Act 1972: For protection of wild animals, birds, and plants, and establishment of protected areas.

Forest (Conservation) Act 1980: Regulates the diversion of forest land for non-forest purposes.

National Green Tribunal Act 2010: Established NGT for effective and expeditious disposal of cases relating to environmental protection and conservation.

India is committed to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly those related to climate action, life on land, and clean water.

The Polluter Pays Principle and Precautionary Principle are key judicial doctrines applied in environmental cases.