International Relations:
Focuses on state actors (sovereign countries) and non-state actors (UN, EU, NGOs, multinational corporations).
Key theories include Realism (power politics, national interest), Liberalism (cooperation, institutions, democracy), Constructivism (ideas, norms, identity).
Examines issues like conflict and peace, global governance, international law, human rights, economic interdependence, and environmental challenges.
Tools include diplomacy, sanctions, military intervention, foreign aid.
Geopolitics:
Analyzes how geographical factors (e.g., access to sea lanes, natural resources, strategic location) shape foreign policy and international power struggles.
Concepts like heartland theory, rimland theory, chokepoints, spheres of influence.
Explains competition for resources (oil, rare earths), trade routes, and strategic alliances.
Often involves great power competition and regional rivalries.
International Relations:
Focuses on state actors (sovereign countries) and non-state actors (UN, EU, NGOs, multinational corporations).
Key theories include Realism (power politics, national interest), Liberalism (cooperation, institutions, democracy), Constructivism (ideas, norms, identity).
Examines issues like conflict and peace, global governance, international law, human rights, economic interdependence, and environmental challenges.
Tools include diplomacy, sanctions, military intervention, foreign aid.
Geopolitics:
Analyzes how geographical factors (e.g., access to sea lanes, natural resources, strategic location) shape foreign policy and international power struggles.
Concepts like heartland theory, rimland theory, chokepoints, spheres of influence.
Explains competition for resources (oil, rare earths), trade routes, and strategic alliances.
Often involves great power competition and regional rivalries.