RFCTLARR Act, 2013: Replaced the 1894 Act, aiming for fair compensation, transparency, and comprehensive rehabilitation and resettlement.

Public Purpose: Land can only be acquired for 'public purpose', broadly defined to include infrastructure, industrialization, urban development, and national security.

Social Impact Assessment (SIA): Mandatory for large projects to assess the social impact of acquisition on affected families, including displacement and livelihood loss.

Consent Clause: Requires consent of 80% of affected families for private projects and 70% for Public-Private Partnership (PPP) projects. Not required for government projects.

Fair Compensation: Compensation is based on market value, with multipliers (1x to 2x) depending on location (rural/urban). Solatium (additional compensation) of 100% of the compensation amount is also provided.

Rehabilitation and Resettlement (R&R): Comprehensive provisions for R&R of affected families, including housing, livelihood support, skill development, and infrastructure.

Return of Unutilized Land: If acquired land remains unutilized for 5 years from the date of possession, it must be returned to the original owners or their legal heirs.

Urgency Clause: Allows for expedited acquisition in urgent cases (e.g., national security, natural calamity), but with safeguards and without the SIA requirement.

Role of State Governments: State governments play a crucial role in implementing the Act, including conducting SIA, determining compensation, and overseeing R&R.

RFCTLARR Act, 2013: Replaced the 1894 Act, aiming for fair compensation, transparency, and comprehensive rehabilitation and resettlement.

Public Purpose: Land can only be acquired for 'public purpose', broadly defined to include infrastructure, industrialization, urban development, and national security.

Social Impact Assessment (SIA): Mandatory for large projects to assess the social impact of acquisition on affected families, including displacement and livelihood loss.

Consent Clause: Requires consent of 80% of affected families for private projects and 70% for Public-Private Partnership (PPP) projects. Not required for government projects.

Fair Compensation: Compensation is based on market value, with multipliers (1x to 2x) depending on location (rural/urban). Solatium (additional compensation) of 100% of the compensation amount is also provided.

Rehabilitation and Resettlement (R&R): Comprehensive provisions for R&R of affected families, including housing, livelihood support, skill development, and infrastructure.

Return of Unutilized Land: If acquired land remains unutilized for 5 years from the date of possession, it must be returned to the original owners or their legal heirs.

Urgency Clause: Allows for expedited acquisition in urgent cases (e.g., national security, natural calamity), but with safeguards and without the SIA requirement.

Role of State Governments: State governments play a crucial role in implementing the Act, including conducting SIA, determining compensation, and overseeing R&R.