26 Feb 2026·Source: The Hindu

5 min

Polity & GovernanceNEWS

NCERT apologizes for 'inappropriate textual material' in Class 8 textbook

NCERT apologizes after SC takes suo motu case on judiciary corruption.

The National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) has apologized for the inclusion of "inappropriate textual material" in its new Class 8 Social Science textbook, released on February 24, 2026. The apology follows objections raised by the Supreme Court regarding a section on "corruption in the judiciary" within the chapter titled "The Role of the Judiciary in Our Society". Solicitor General Tushar Mehta tendered an unconditional apology on behalf of the Ministry of Education in the Supreme Court.

The NCERT has withdrawn the distribution of the textbook and is attempting to retrieve the 38 copies that were sold out of the 2.25 lakh copies printed. The Department of School Education and Literacy (Ministry of Education) directed that the distribution of the book be kept on hold until further orders. Chief Justice of India Surya Kant stated that there appeared to be a "deep-rooted, well planned conspiracy to defame judiciary" and that heads must roll. The NCERT has initiated an internal review to examine how the section was included in the textbook and has been asked by the Supreme Court to explain why action should not be taken.

The NCERT clarified that it holds the judiciary in the highest esteem and considers it the upholder of the Indian Constitution and protector of Fundamental Rights. The council said the error was purely unintentional and it regrets the inclusion of inappropriate material. The NCERT plans to rewrite the chapter in consultation with experts and make it available to Class 8 students at the commencement of the 2026-27 academic session.

This incident highlights the importance of curriculum oversight and the sensitivity surrounding discussions of institutional integrity, relevant for UPSC exams, particularly in GS Paper II (Governance, Constitution, Polity, Social Justice and International relations).

Key Facts

The Supreme Court registered a suo motu case regarding the textbook content.

The NCERT issued a statement apologizing for the 'inappropriate textual material'.

Directions were issued to keep the distribution of the book on 'strict hold'.

The NCERT said the error was 'purely unintentional'.

UPSC Exam Angles

GS Paper II: Governance, Constitution, Polity, Social Justice and International relations

Connects to syllabus topics on the Judiciary, Education, and Constitutional Values

Potential question types: Analytical questions on judicial independence, descriptive questions on the role of NCERT, and critical questions on balancing transparency and institutional integrity

In Simple Words

NCERT, which makes schoolbooks, put something about judges being corrupt in an 8th-grade book. The Supreme Court didn't like it and took notice. NCERT then said sorry and pulled the book back.

India Angle

In India, NCERT books are used by many schools. What these books say can really shape how kids think about important people and systems, like judges.

For Instance

It's like if your local newspaper printed something bad about your town's mayor without checking the facts. People might start to distrust the mayor, even if it's not true.

It matters because what kids learn in school shapes their views. If they read something negative about important people, it can affect their trust in the system.

Schoolbooks matter: They shape how future citizens see the world.

Hours after the Supreme Court registered a suo motu case regarding the inclusion of a section on 'corruption' in the judiciary in its newest social science textbook for Class 8, the National Council for Education Research and Training (NCERT) issued a statement apologizing for the 'inappropriate textual material' and 'error in judgement' that had 'inadvertently crept' into the chapter in question. Officials said directions had been issued to keep the distribution of this book on 'strict hold until further orders'. The NCERT said that the objective of the new textbook is to 'strengthen constitutional literacy, institutional respect, and informed understanding of democratic participation amongst students', adding that 'there is no intent to question or diminish the authority of any constitutional body'.

Expert Analysis

The recent controversy surrounding the NCERT Class 8 Social Science textbook highlights the critical importance of several key concepts in India's constitutional framework and educational system. The inclusion of a section on "corruption in the judiciary" and the subsequent fallout touches upon the principles of judicial independence, constitutional literacy, and the role of the NCERT itself.

Judicial independence is a cornerstone of the Indian Constitution, ensuring that the judiciary can function without undue influence from the executive or legislative branches. This principle is vital for upholding the rule of law and protecting citizens' rights. The Supreme Court's strong reaction to the NCERT textbook's section on judicial corruption underscores the importance of maintaining public trust in the judiciary and preventing any actions that could undermine its authority. The fact that the Supreme Court took *suo motu* cognisance of the matter highlights the sensitivity surrounding any perceived threat to judicial independence.

Constitutional literacy refers to the understanding of the Constitution, its values, and its institutions among citizens, particularly students. The NCERT, in its statement, emphasized that the objective of the new textbooks is to strengthen constitutional literacy and institutional respect. However, the inclusion of potentially inappropriate material on judicial corruption raises questions about how best to achieve this goal. While transparency and accountability are essential, the manner in which these issues are presented to young students must be carefully considered to avoid creating a "trust deficit," as noted by an NCERT official. The aim is to foster informed understanding of democratic participation without diminishing the authority of constitutional bodies.

The NCERT, as the National Council of Educational Research and Training, is the apex body responsible for developing and publishing textbooks for school education in India. Established in 1961, it plays a crucial role in shaping the curriculum and influencing the knowledge and values imparted to students. The controversy surrounding the Class 8 textbook highlights the challenges and responsibilities that come with this role. The NCERT's decision to withdraw the textbook, apologize for the "inappropriate material," and initiate an internal review demonstrates its commitment to maintaining the quality and integrity of its publications. The incident also underscores the need for robust review processes and consultations with experts to ensure that textbooks are accurate, balanced, and appropriate for the intended audience.

For UPSC aspirants, this incident underscores the importance of understanding the principles of judicial independence, the role of constitutional literacy in education, and the functions of key institutions like the NCERT. Questions related to the separation of powers, judicial accountability, and the role of education in promoting civic values are highly relevant for both the Prelims and Mains exams, particularly in GS Paper II.

More Information

Background

The NCERT, established in 1961, is the primary body in India responsible for developing curriculum frameworks, syllabi, and textbooks for school education. Its mandate includes promoting quality education and fostering a sense of national identity among students. The textbooks published by NCERT are widely used in schools across the country, particularly those affiliated with the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE). The controversy surrounding the Class 8 Social Science textbook highlights the importance of maintaining a balance between academic freedom and the need to ensure that educational materials are accurate, objective, and appropriate for the age group. The inclusion of a section on "corruption in the judiciary" raised concerns about the potential for undermining public trust in the judiciary, a critical institution in a democratic society. The Supreme Court's intervention underscores the sensitivity surrounding discussions of institutional integrity and the need for careful consideration of the potential impact of educational materials on young minds. The incident also touches upon the broader issue of judicial accountability and the mechanisms in place to address allegations of corruption within the judiciary. While it is important to acknowledge and address such issues, the manner in which they are presented in educational materials must be carefully considered to avoid creating a distorted or negative perception of the judiciary.

Latest Developments

In recent years, there has been increasing emphasis on promoting constitutional literacy among students in India. The NCERT has been working to revise its curriculum and textbooks to incorporate more content on the Constitution, fundamental rights, and democratic values. This effort is aimed at fostering a deeper understanding of the Indian political system and promoting active citizenship among young people. Several committees and commissions have also examined the issue of judicial reforms and accountability in India. The reports of these bodies have highlighted the need for greater transparency, efficiency, and integrity within the judiciary. The government has taken some steps to address these concerns, such as enacting legislation to improve the appointment process for judges and establishing mechanisms for investigating allegations of misconduct. Looking ahead, the NCERT is expected to continue its efforts to revise and update its curriculum and textbooks to reflect the latest developments in various fields, including law, politics, and social science. The council will also likely engage in consultations with experts and stakeholders to ensure that its educational materials are accurate, balanced, and appropriate for the intended audience.

Frequently Asked Questions

1. Why is the Supreme Court taking suo motu cognizance of textbook content? Isn't that usually for bigger issues?

The Supreme Court's suo motu action highlights the importance of ensuring the accuracy and appropriateness of educational materials, especially those related to sensitive topics like the judiciary. Even though the issue might seem small (only 38 books sold), the potential impact on young minds and the integrity of the judiciary likely prompted the Court's intervention.

2. How does this NCERT textbook issue relate to the broader push for 'constitutional literacy'?

The incident underscores the challenges in promoting constitutional literacy. While NCERT is revising curricula to include more content on the Constitution and democratic values, this case shows that errors can occur, potentially undermining those very values. It highlights the need for careful review and quality control in textbook development.

3. What specific fact about NCERT would be most likely to appear in a Prelims question?

The year of NCERT's establishment (1961) is a likely fact to be tested. A common distractor would be to confuse it with the establishment year of CBSE or other educational bodies. examTip: Remember NCERT was created to advise the government; that came after independence.

Exam Tip

Remember NCERT was created to advise the government; that came after independence.

4. Is NCERT's apology enough, or should there be more accountability for this error?

There are varying perspectives on this: * Some may argue that an apology and withdrawal of the textbook are sufficient, considering the error was unintentional. * Others might argue for greater accountability, such as a review of NCERT's textbook development process to prevent future errors. This could involve stricter editorial oversight or external reviews.

•Some may argue that an apology and withdrawal of the textbook are sufficient, considering the error was unintentional.
•Others might argue for greater accountability, such as a review of NCERT's textbook development process to prevent future errors. This could involve stricter editorial oversight or external reviews.

5. How might this incident affect public trust in NCERT and its textbooks?

This incident could erode public trust in NCERT, especially if it's perceived as a systemic issue rather than an isolated error. Parents and students rely on NCERT textbooks for accurate and unbiased information. Such controversies can lead to skepticism and demand for greater transparency and quality control.

6. What's the difference between 'judicial independence' and 'judicial accountability,' and how does this case relate to both?

Judicial independence refers to the judiciary's freedom from undue influence, while judicial accountability refers to the mechanisms for ensuring judges are held responsible for their conduct. This case touches on both because while the judiciary should be independent, the textbook's portrayal of 'corruption in the judiciary' raised concerns about potentially undermining public trust, necessitating accountability.

7. If a Mains question asks me to 'Critically examine the role of NCERT in promoting constitutional values,' how can I use this incident?

You can use this incident as a recent example of a challenge faced by NCERT. Acknowledge NCERT's mandate to promote constitutional values, but then discuss how this incident highlights the need for better quality control and oversight to ensure that textbooks accurately and appropriately reflect those values. Also, mention the importance of balancing freedom of expression with the need to avoid misinformation.

8. What is the government's official position on the inclusion of potentially controversial content in textbooks?

While a specific official position isn't stated in the provided text, the Solicitor General's unconditional apology on behalf of the Ministry of Education suggests that the government does not support the inclusion of inappropriate or controversial content, especially when it pertains to sensitive institutions like the judiciary. The government likely prioritizes maintaining public trust in these institutions.

9. Will this issue affect India's international relations or standing in any way?

It is unlikely to have a significant impact on India's international relations. This is primarily a domestic issue concerning education and judicial matters. However, it might be noted by international observers interested in India's education system and governance.

10. In the Mains exam, which General Studies paper is this news item most relevant to, and from what angle?

This news is most relevant to GS Paper 2 (Polity & Governance). The relevant angles include: the role and functioning of the judiciary, judicial accountability, the role of NCERT in shaping public opinion, and issues related to constitutional literacy. examTip: When writing your answer, focus on the interplay between institutions and their impact on governance.

Exam Tip

When writing your answer, focus on the interplay between institutions and their impact on governance.

Practice Questions (MCQs)

1. Consider the following statements regarding the National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT): 1. NCERT was established in 1961 as an autonomous organization. 2. NCERT advises the Central and State Governments on policies and programmes in the field of education. 3. NCERT is responsible for the implementation of the Right to Education Act in India. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A.1 and 2 only
B.2 and 3 only
C.1 and 3 only
D.1, 2 and 3

Show Answer

Answer: A

Statement 1 is CORRECT: NCERT was established in 1961 as an autonomous organization to advise and assist the central and state governments on academic matters related to school education. Statement 2 is CORRECT: NCERT plays an advisory role in the formulation and implementation of education policies. Statement 3 is INCORRECT: The implementation of the Right to Education Act is primarily the responsibility of the Department of School Education and Literacy under the Ministry of Education, not NCERT.

2. In the context of the recent controversy surrounding the NCERT Class 8 textbook, what does 'suo motu cognizance' by the Supreme Court imply?

A.The Supreme Court acted on a petition filed by a private citizen.
B.The Supreme Court acted on a request from the Ministry of Education.
C.The Supreme Court took up the matter on its own accord without any formal complaint.
D.The Supreme Court was directed by the President to investigate the matter.

Show Answer

Answer: C

Suo motu cognizance means that the Supreme Court took up the matter on its own accord, without waiting for a formal complaint or petition to be filed. This power is exercised when the Court believes that a matter is of significant public importance and requires immediate attention.

3. Which of the following statements is NOT correct regarding the concept of judicial independence in India?

A.It ensures that judges can make decisions without fear of reprisal.
B.It is explicitly mentioned in the Preamble of the Indian Constitution.
C.It is essential for maintaining the rule of law.
D.It is protected through security of tenure for judges.

Show Answer

Answer: B

While judicial independence is a fundamental principle underlying the Indian Constitution, it is NOT explicitly mentioned in the Preamble. The Preamble mentions justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity, which are all related to judicial independence, but the term itself is not used. The other options are correct as judicial independence ensures impartial decision-making, maintains the rule of law, and is protected through security of tenure.

Source Articles

NCERT apologises, says distribution of book with section on ‘corruption’ in judiciary stopped - The Hindu

The Hindu·26 Feb 2026

SC hearing on NCERT Class 8 textbook, updates: Supreme Court orders blanket ban on NCERT textbook with chapter on 'corruption' in judiciary - The Hindu

The Hindu·26 Feb 2026