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18 January 2026|The Hindu
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International RelationsPolity & GovernanceNEWS

Chinese Drone Flight Over South China Sea Sparks Tension

Chinese drone's provocative flight over Taiwan-controlled Pratas Islands raises regional concerns.

Background Context

The South China Sea's strategic importance has been recognized for centuries, serving as a vital trade route connecting East Asia with the rest of the world. European powers, including the Portuguese, Dutch, and British, exerted influence in the region from the 16th century onwards. However, China's claims to the South China Sea are rooted in its historical interactions and perceptions of sovereignty, particularly the 'nine-dash line,' which emerged in the mid-20th century. This line encompasses a vast area of the sea, including numerous islands and reefs, and is based on China's interpretation of its historical rights. The legal basis and extent of these claims have been contested by other claimant states and international bodies, leading to ongoing disputes and tensions.

A Chinese reconnaissance drone briefly flew over the Taiwan-controlled Pratas Islands in the South China Sea on Saturday, prompting Taiwan's Defence Ministry to label it a "provocative" move. The drone entered Taiwanese airspace for eight minutes at an altitude beyond the range of anti-aircraft weapons. Taiwan, which China claims as its territory, regularly reports Chinese military activity, though drone incursions into Taiwanese airspace are rare. The Pratas Islands, lightly defended by Taiwan, hold a strategic location in the South China Sea.

Key Facts

1

Chinese drone flew over Pratas Islands

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Flight duration: 8 minutes

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Taiwan calls it 'provocative'

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Pratas Islands controlled by Taiwan

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Location: South China Sea

Latest Developments

In recent years, China has significantly increased its presence and activities in the South China Sea, including the construction of artificial islands and the militarization of these features. This has led to heightened tensions with other claimant states, such as the Philippines, Vietnam, and Malaysia, as well as with the United States, which has conducted freedom of navigation operations in the area. The Permanent Court of Arbitration's 2016 ruling, which rejected China's expansive claims, has been largely ignored by Beijing. Looking ahead, the South China Sea is likely to remain a flashpoint, with continued competition for resources, strategic influence, and maritime control. The development of international law and regional cooperation mechanisms will be crucial in managing these tensions and preventing escalation.

3 Key Concepts to Understand

This article covers important concepts like Sovereignty, South China Sea Dispute and 1 more. Understanding these will help you answer exam questions better.

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