Bangladesh Halts Visa Services in Delhi Amid Security Concerns

सही उत्तर: A

Statement 1 is correct. Article 22(2) of the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations (VCDR) states that the host state is under a special duty to take all appropriate steps to protect the premises of the mission against any intrusion or damage and to prevent any disturbance of the peace of the mission or impairment of its dignity. Statement 2 is incorrect. While diplomatic agents enjoy immunity from criminal jurisdiction, it is not absolute. The sending state can waive this immunity. Moreover, the immunity is for the duration of their functions and generally covers acts performed in their official capacity, though it extends to criminal jurisdiction for all acts during their tenure. Statement 3 is incorrect. The premises of a diplomatic mission are not considered the territory of the sending state. They remain part of the territory of the host state but are 'inviolable', meaning host state authorities may not enter them without the consent of the head of the mission (Article 22(1) VCDR). They are subject to the laws of the host state, but the host state cannot enforce those laws on the premises without consent.

सही उत्तर: C

Statement 1 is incorrect. While MHA is responsible for overall internal security, the primary responsibility for the physical security of foreign missions in India, including coordination with state police, falls under the purview of the Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) through its Protocol Division, in conjunction with local law enforcement. The MEA is the nodal ministry for all diplomatic matters. Statement 2 is correct. The MEA acts as the nodal agency, coordinating with various state police forces, central paramilitary forces, and intelligence agencies to ensure the security of diplomatic missions and personnel. Statement 3 is correct. India is a signatory to the 1973 Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of Crimes Against Internationally Protected Persons, including Diplomatic Agents, which obliges states to criminalize attacks on such persons and to either prosecute or extradite offenders.

सही उत्तर: C

Option A is incorrect. While India and Bangladesh have strong security cooperation, they do not have a formal defence pact. Cooperation is more focused on specific areas rather than an overarching alliance. Option B is incorrect. Cooperation extends significantly to land border issues, including combating illegal immigration, smuggling, and insurgency, in addition to growing maritime security cooperation. Option C is correct. India and Bangladesh have robust mechanisms for cooperation on border management (e.g., Border Guarding Forces meetings), counter-terrorism (intelligence sharing), and combating trans-border crimes like human trafficking, drug smuggling, and cattle rustling. Option D is incorrect. While Bangladesh is a key partner in India's Act East Policy, its security policy is independent. The 'Look East Policy' (now Act East) is India's foreign policy initiative, and while it involves Bangladesh, it doesn't imply alignment of Bangladesh's entire security policy or primary emphasis on joint patrols in the Indian Ocean region.