पलेर्मो प्रोटोकॉल क्या है?
ऐतिहासिक पृष्ठभूमि
मुख्य प्रावधान
9 points- 1.
'व्यक्तियों की तस्करी' को व्यक्तियों की भर्ती, परिवहन, हस्तांतरण, आवास या प्राप्ति के रूप में परिभाषित करता है, धमकी या बल के उपयोग या जबरदस्ती के अन्य रूपों, अपहरण, धोखाधड़ी, धोखे, शक्ति के दुरुपयोग या भेद्यता की स्थिति या भुगतान या लाभ देने या प्राप्त करने के माध्यम से किसी अन्य व्यक्ति पर नियंत्रण रखने वाले व्यक्ति की सहमति प्राप्त करने के लिए, शोषण के उद्देश्य से।
- 2.
राज्य दलों को व्यक्तियों की तस्करी को अपराध घोषित करने की आवश्यकता है।
- 3.
व्यक्तियों की तस्करी को रोकने और मुकाबला करने के लिए अंतर्राष्ट्रीय सहयोग को बढ़ावा देता है।
- 4.
तस्करी के पीड़ितों की सुरक्षा और सहायता का प्रावधान करता है।
- 5.
राज्यों को तस्करी को रोकने के लिए उपाय अपनाने के लिए प्रोत्साहित करता है, जैसे जागरूकता बढ़ाने वाले अभियान और कानून प्रवर्तन अधिकारियों के लिए प्रशिक्षण।
- 6.
महिलाओं और बच्चों की तस्करी के प्रति विशिष्ट कमजोरियों को संबोधित करता है।
- 7.
राज्यों को पीड़ितों को उचित सहायता प्रदान करने के लिए बाध्य करता है, जिसमें आश्रय, चिकित्सा देखभाल और मनोवैज्ञानिक सहायता शामिल है।
- 8.
तस्करी का मुकाबला करने के लिए राज्यों के बीच सूचना और विशेषज्ञता के आदान-प्रदान को बढ़ावा देता है।
- 9.
राज्यों को तस्करी उद्देश्यों के लिए इंटरनेट के उपयोग को रोकने के लिए उपाय अपनाने के लिए प्रोत्साहित करता है।
दृश्य सामग्री
Palermo Protocol: Key Aspects
Mind map illustrating the key provisions, objectives, and related aspects of the Palermo Protocol.
Palermo Protocol
- ●Definition of Trafficking
- ●Objectives
- ●Key Provisions
हालिया विकास
5 विकासOngoing efforts to strengthen implementation of the Palermo Protocol.
Increased focus on addressing the root causes of trafficking, such as poverty and inequality.
Growing recognition of the role of technology in facilitating trafficking.
Efforts to improve data collection and analysis on trafficking trends.
Increased collaboration between governments, NGOs, and international organizations to combat trafficking.
सामान्य प्रश्न
61. What is the Palermo Protocol, and why is it important for UPSC GS Paper 2?
The Palermo Protocol, officially the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children, is a UN treaty supplementing the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime. It is the first global legally binding instrument against trafficking in persons. It is important for UPSC GS Paper 2 (International Relations and Social Justice) because it addresses a critical global issue and India's obligations under international law.
2. What are the key provisions of the Palermo Protocol regarding the definition of 'trafficking in persons'?
As per the Palermo Protocol, 'trafficking in persons' is defined as the recruitment, transportation, transfer, harboring or receipt of persons, by means of threat or use of force or other forms of coercion, of abduction, of fraud, of deception, of the abuse of power or of a position of vulnerability or of the giving or receiving of payments or benefits to achieve the consent of a person having control over another person, for the purpose of exploitation.
3. How does the Palermo Protocol work in practice to combat human trafficking?
The Palermo Protocol works by requiring states parties to criminalize trafficking in persons, promoting international cooperation to prevent and combat trafficking, providing for the protection and assistance of victims, and encouraging states to adopt preventive measures. It provides a framework for countries to develop and implement national laws and policies to address human trafficking.
- •Criminalization of trafficking in persons by signatory states.
- •Promotion of international cooperation.
- •Protection and assistance to victims.
- •Encouragement of preventive measures such as awareness campaigns.
4. What are the challenges in the implementation of the Palermo Protocol?
Challenges in implementation include varying interpretations of the Protocol's provisions across different countries, limited resources for combating trafficking, difficulties in cross-border cooperation, and the evolving nature of trafficking facilitated by technology. Addressing the root causes of trafficking, such as poverty and inequality, also poses a significant challenge.
5. What is the legal framework associated with the Palermo Protocol?
The Palermo Protocol is supplemented by the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime. It also operates within the broader framework of International Human Rights Law and the domestic laws of signatory states.
6. Considering the recent developments, what is the future direction of efforts related to the Palermo Protocol?
The future direction involves strengthening implementation, focusing on addressing root causes like poverty and inequality, and recognizing the role of technology in facilitating trafficking. There is an increased focus on using technology to combat trafficking and protect victims, as well as enhancing international cooperation to address this transnational crime.