रोग वाहक नियंत्रण क्या है?
ऐतिहासिक पृष्ठभूमि
मुख्य प्रावधान
10 points- 1.
इसमें कीटनाशक छिड़काव, लार्वा मारना और पर्यावरण प्रबंधन जैसे तरीके शामिल हैं।
- 2.
कीटनाशक छिड़काव वयस्क मच्छरों को मारकर उनकी संख्या कम करता है।
- 3.
लार्वा मारना मच्छरों के बच्चों को मारकर उन्हें वयस्क बनने से रोकता है।
- 4.
पर्यावरण प्रबंधन में मच्छरों के प्रजनन स्थलों को खत्म करना शामिल है, जैसे कि रुका हुआ पानी।
- 5.
मच्छरदानी का इस्तेमाल करना, खासकर कीटनाशक वाली मच्छरदानी (ITN), लोगों को मच्छर के काटने से बचाने के लिए।
- 6.
व्यक्तिगत सुरक्षा उपाय, जैसे कि कीटनाशक का इस्तेमाल करना और लंबी आस्तीन और पैंट पहनना।
- 7.
रोग वाहक नियंत्रण गतिविधियों में लोगों को शामिल करना।
- 8.
एकीकृत रोग वाहक प्रबंधन (IVM) दृष्टिकोण, जो कई नियंत्रण तरीकों को जोड़ता है।
- 9.
रोग वाहक नियंत्रण उपायों की निगरानी और मूल्यांकन करना।
- 10.
नए रोग वाहक नियंत्रण उपकरणों और रणनीतियों पर शोध और विकास करना।
दृश्य सामग्री
Vector Control Strategies: An Overview
Presents an overview of various vector control strategies used to prevent and control vector-borne diseases.
Vector Control
- ●Chemical Control
- ●Environmental Management
- ●Biological Control
- ●Personal Protection
हालिया विकास
5 विकासDevelopment of new insecticides with different modes of action to combat insecticide resistance.
Use of genetically modified mosquitoes to reduce mosquito populations.
Application of spatial repellents to protect people from mosquito bites.
Improved surveillance and monitoring of vector populations.
Increased community engagement in vector control activities.
सामान्य प्रश्न
61. What is Vector Control, and why is it important for UPSC GS Paper 2 and GS Paper 3?
Vector control refers to methods used to limit or eradicate organisms that transmit diseases, such as mosquitoes, ticks, fleas, and rodents. It's crucial for preventing vector-borne diseases like malaria, dengue, and Zika. For UPSC, it's important for GS Paper 2 (Health) and GS Paper 3 (Science and Technology). Questions can cover methods, challenges, and technology's role.
परीक्षा युक्ति
Remember the definition and examples of vector-borne diseases for prelims. For mains, focus on the methods and challenges.
2. What are the key provisions of Vector Control?
The key provisions include:
- •Insecticide spraying to target adult mosquitoes.
- •Larviciding to target mosquito larvae in breeding sites.
- •Environmental management to eliminate mosquito breeding sites.
- •Use of mosquito nets, especially insecticide-treated nets (ITNs).
परीक्षा युक्ति
Focus on understanding the different methods and their specific targets (adult mosquitoes vs. larvae).
3. How has Vector Control evolved over time?
Vector control has evolved from early methods like draining swamps and using mosquito nets to modern methods using insecticides and other technologies developed in the 20th century. Recent developments include new insecticides to combat resistance, genetically modified mosquitoes, and spatial repellents.
परीक्षा युक्ति
Note the shift from basic environmental methods to technology-driven solutions.
4. What are the different types of Vector Control methods?
Vector control methods include:
- •Insecticide spraying (adulticides)
- •Larviciding
- •Environmental management (source reduction)
- •Use of mosquito nets (ITNs)
- •Use of genetically modified mosquitoes
- •Application of spatial repellents
परीक्षा युक्ति
Classify the methods based on their target (adults, larvae, environment).
5. What are the challenges in the implementation of Vector Control programs in India?
Challenges include:
- •Insecticide resistance in vector populations.
- •Logistical difficulties in reaching remote areas.
- •Lack of community participation.
- •Funding constraints.
- •Coordination issues between different government agencies.
परीक्षा युक्ति
Consider socio-economic factors and geographical challenges while answering this question.
6. How does India's Vector Control compare with other countries?
India's vector control is primarily managed by the National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme (NVBDCP). Comparisons with other countries would require specific data not provided. However, challenges like insecticide resistance and resource constraints are common globally.
परीक्षा युक्ति
Focus on the role of NVBDCP and the general challenges faced by developing countries.