Human Development Index (HDI) क्या है?
ऐतिहासिक पृष्ठभूमि
मुख्य प्रावधान
10 points- 1.
Comprises three dimensions, each with specific indicators:
- 2.
Long and Healthy Life: Measured by Life Expectancy at Birth.
- 3.
Access to Knowledge: Measured by Mean Years of Schooling (for adults aged 25 years and above) and Expected Years of Schooling (for children of school-entering age).
- 4.
Decent Standard of Living: Measured by Gross National Income (GNI) per capita (PPP US$).
- 5.
Each dimension is normalized to a value between 0 and 1, and the HDI is the geometric mean of these three normalized indices.
- 6.
Countries are categorized into four tiers of human development: very high, high, medium, and low.
- 7.
Provides a broader perspective on development than purely economic indicators, emphasizing people and their capabilities.
- 8.
Highlights disparities within and between countries, prompting policy interventions.
- 9.
Used as a tool for policy-making, resource allocation, and tracking national progress in human development.
- 10.
India's HDI value has consistently improved over the years, though its ranking often places it in the medium human development category.
दृश्य सामग्री
India's Human Development Index (HDI) at a Glance (2024-25)
This dashboard provides an overview of India's latest Human Development Index (HDI) value, global ranking, and the values of its three core components, offering a snapshot of the nation's human development progress.
- India's HDI Value
- 0.645+0.012 (since 2021)
- India's Global HDI Rank
- 130/193+2 (since 2021)
- Life Expectancy at Birth
- 69.5 years+1.5 years (since 2021)
- Mean Years of Schooling
- 6.8 years+0.2 years (since 2021)
- Expected Years of Schooling
- 12.5 years+0.3 years (since 2021)
- Gross National Income (GNI) per capita (PPP US$)
- $7,500+$500 (since 2021)
India continues to be in the 'Medium Human Development' category, showing consistent but gradual improvement over the years.
A slight improvement in ranking, reflecting efforts in health, education, and income, but significant scope for further progress.
A key health indicator, showing improvements in public health and access to medical care, contributing to a longer healthy life.
Reflects the average number of years of education received by people aged 25 and older, indicating educational attainment.
The number of years of schooling a child can expect to receive, reflecting future educational opportunities.
Measures the average income per person, adjusted for purchasing power parity, reflecting a decent standard of living.
Human Development Index (HDI): Dimensions & Significance
This mind map breaks down the Human Development Index (HDI) into its three fundamental dimensions and highlights its significance as a comprehensive measure of national progress beyond mere economic growth.
Human Development Index (HDI)
- ●1. Long & Healthy Life
- ●2. Access to Knowledge
- ●3. Decent Standard of Living
- ●Significance & Use
हालिया विकास
5 विकासThe COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on global HDI, with many countries experiencing declines due to reduced life expectancy, school closures, and economic setbacks.
The UNDP has introduced additional indices like the Inequality-adjusted HDI (IHDI), Gender Development Index (GDI), and Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) to provide a more nuanced understanding of human development.
India continues to focus on improving education, health outcomes, and per capita income to boost its HDI.
Recent reports show India's HDI value improving, but challenges remain in reducing inequalities and achieving higher rankings.
The concept of Human Development is increasingly integrated into national planning documents and policy discussions.