Out-of-Pocket Expenditure (OOPE) क्या है?
ऐतिहासिक पृष्ठभूमि
मुख्य प्रावधान
8 points- 1.
Includes costs for consultations, medicines, diagnostic tests, hospitalization, and transportation related to healthcare.
- 2.
A major component of Total Health Expenditure (THE) in many developing countries, including India.
- 3.
High OOPE is a key indicator of financial hardship and lack of financial protection within a health system.
- 4.
Can lead to catastrophic health expenditure health spending that exceeds a certain percentage of a household's income or capacity to pay, often pushing them below the poverty line.
- 5.
Often forces households to borrow money, sell assets, or forgo essential care, leading to adverse health outcomes and economic distress.
- 6.
India's OOPE as a percentage of total health expenditure has historically been very high (often above 60%), though it has shown a declining trend in recent years (e.g., 48.2% in 2018-19 as per National Health Accounts).
- 7.
Government schemes like Ayushman Bharat aim to reduce OOPE by providing financial coverage for hospitalizations and primary care services.
- 8.
Increased public health spending, strengthening Primary Health Care (PHC), and expanding social health insurance are crucial strategies for reducing OOPE.
दृश्य सामग्री
Out-of-Pocket Expenditure (OOPE) in India: Key Facts (as of 2025)
This dashboard provides critical statistics on India's Out-of-Pocket Expenditure (OOPE), highlighting its current status, historical trends, and policy targets, which are vital for understanding healthcare financing challenges.
- OOPE as % of Total Health Expenditure (THE)
- 40.0%-7.1% (since 2019-20)
- NHP 2017 Target for OOPE
- 25% of THE
- Public Health Expenditure as % of GDP
- 2.45%+1.1% (since 2019-20)
- Households Pushed into Poverty due to Health Costs
- Millions Annually
While showing a declining trend due to increased public spending and schemes like Ayushman Bharat, it remains a significant burden on households.
The National Health Policy 2017 aims to reduce OOPE to 25% of THE by 2025, indicating a substantial gap still needs to be covered.
Increased public spending is a key factor in reducing OOPE, as it shifts the financial burden from individuals to the state.
High OOPE is a major driver of catastrophic health expenditure, forcing many households into poverty or deeper poverty.
हालिया विकास
4 विकासGovernment data (National Health Accounts) indicates a declining trend in OOPE as a percentage of total health expenditure, attributed to increased public spending and schemes like Ayushman Bharat.
The COVID-19 pandemic, however, led to increased OOPE for some services not covered by insurance or public provisions, especially for testing and treatment in the private sector.
Continued efforts to expand health insurance coverage and strengthen public health facilities to further reduce OOPE.
Focus on providing free essential drugs and diagnostics at public health facilities to alleviate the financial burden on patients.