Timeline showing the key events leading to the enactment and implementation of the PESA Act.
73rd Constitutional Amendment Act: Provided for Panchayati Raj Institutions
Bhuria Committee Report: Recommended extension of Panchayati Raj to Scheduled Areas
PESA Act Enacted: Extended Part IX of the Constitution to Scheduled Areas
Several states framed rules under PESA, but implementation remained uneven
Debates on strengthening Gram Sabhas and their role in natural resource management
Discussions on amending PESA to address implementation gaps
Jharkhand's PESA Rules Face Opposition from BJP and Adivasi Groups
Timeline showing the key events leading to the enactment and implementation of the PESA Act.
73rd Constitutional Amendment Act: Provided for Panchayati Raj Institutions
Bhuria Committee Report: Recommended extension of Panchayati Raj to Scheduled Areas
PESA Act Enacted: Extended Part IX of the Constitution to Scheduled Areas
Several states framed rules under PESA, but implementation remained uneven
Debates on strengthening Gram Sabhas and their role in natural resource management
Discussions on amending PESA to address implementation gaps
Jharkhand's PESA Rules Face Opposition from BJP and Adivasi Groups
Mind map illustrating the key components of the PESA Act and its implications for tribal governance and resource management.
Decision-making power
Control over resources
Land and forest rights
Cultural preservation
Control over minor minerals
Water resource management
Lack of awareness
Conflicting interests
Mind map illustrating the key components of the PESA Act and its implications for tribal governance and resource management.
Decision-making power
Control over resources
Land and forest rights
Cultural preservation
Control over minor minerals
Water resource management
Lack of awareness
Conflicting interests
Extends Part IX of the Constitution to Scheduled Areas with certain modifications
Empowers Gram Sabhas to safeguard and preserve traditions, customs, cultural identity, community resources, and customary mode of dispute resolution
Requires consultation with Gram Sabha in land acquisition, resettlement, and rehabilitation of displaced persons
Grants Gram Sabha the power to manage natural resources, including land, water, and forests, within their traditional boundaries
Ensures that a certain proportion of seats in Panchayats at all levels are reserved for Scheduled Tribes
Provides for prior recommendation of the Gram Sabha for granting prospecting licenses or mining leases for any mineral in the Scheduled Areas
Prevents alienation of land in Scheduled Areas and restores unlawfully alienated land to Scheduled Tribes
Gives Gram Sabha control over local plans and resources for such plans including tribal sub-plans
Mandates state legislation to be consistent with customary law, social and religious practices, and traditional management practices of community resources
Timeline showing the key events leading to the enactment and implementation of the PESA Act.
PESA was enacted to address historical injustices faced by tribal communities and to integrate traditional governance structures with modern Panchayati Raj Institutions. However, implementation has been uneven and faced challenges.
Mind map illustrating the key components of the PESA Act and its implications for tribal governance and resource management.
PESA Act 1996
Extends Part IX of the Constitution to Scheduled Areas with certain modifications
Empowers Gram Sabhas to safeguard and preserve traditions, customs, cultural identity, community resources, and customary mode of dispute resolution
Requires consultation with Gram Sabha in land acquisition, resettlement, and rehabilitation of displaced persons
Grants Gram Sabha the power to manage natural resources, including land, water, and forests, within their traditional boundaries
Ensures that a certain proportion of seats in Panchayats at all levels are reserved for Scheduled Tribes
Provides for prior recommendation of the Gram Sabha for granting prospecting licenses or mining leases for any mineral in the Scheduled Areas
Prevents alienation of land in Scheduled Areas and restores unlawfully alienated land to Scheduled Tribes
Gives Gram Sabha control over local plans and resources for such plans including tribal sub-plans
Mandates state legislation to be consistent with customary law, social and religious practices, and traditional management practices of community resources
Timeline showing the key events leading to the enactment and implementation of the PESA Act.
PESA was enacted to address historical injustices faced by tribal communities and to integrate traditional governance structures with modern Panchayati Raj Institutions. However, implementation has been uneven and faced challenges.
Mind map illustrating the key components of the PESA Act and its implications for tribal governance and resource management.
PESA Act 1996
