What is Social Justice / Welfare Schemes?
Historical Background
Key Points
8 points- 1.
Constitutional Mandate: Preamble (Justice - social, economic, political), Fundamental Rights (e.g., Article 14, 15, 16, 17, 21), and Directive Principles of State Policy (e.g., Article 38, 39, 41, 46, 47) guide the state in achieving social justice.
- 2.
Targeted Beneficiaries: Welfare schemes often focus on specific vulnerable groups such as Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, Other Backward Classes, women, children, elderly, persons with disabilities, and the poor.
- 3.
Diverse Sectors: Schemes cover various aspects like food security (PDS), employment (MGNREGA), housing (PMAY), education (Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan), health (AB-PMJAY), pensions (NSAP), and skill development.
- 4.
Affirmative Action: Policies like reservations in education and employment are part of the broader social justice framework to address historical inequalities.
- 5.
Goal: To reduce socio-economic disparities, ensure basic necessities, empower marginalized communities, and foster inclusive growth.
- 6.
Implementation: Involves central and state governments, often with local bodies and civil society organizations, through various ministries and departments.
- 7.
Challenges: Leakages, corruption, identification of genuine beneficiaries, lack of awareness, administrative inefficiencies, and inadequate funding often hinder effective delivery.
- 8.
Monitoring and Evaluation: Mechanisms like social audits and impact assessments are crucial for ensuring the effectiveness and accountability of welfare schemes.
Visual Insights
Social Justice & Welfare Schemes in India: A Framework
This mind map provides a structured overview of Social Justice and Welfare Schemes in India, detailing their constitutional basis, objectives, target groups, key mechanisms, and flagship programs, crucial for UPSC preparation.
Social Justice & Welfare Schemes
- ●Constitutional Basis
- ●Key Objectives
- ●Target Groups
- ●Key Mechanisms & Recent Developments
- ●Flagship Welfare Schemes
Recent Developments
5 developmentsFocus on Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) to reduce leakages, enhance transparency, and ensure funds reach intended beneficiaries.
Leveraging Jan Dhan-Aadhaar-Mobile (JAM) trinity for efficient and targeted scheme delivery.
Emphasis on multi-dimensional poverty reduction strategies and indicators.
Universalization of certain basic service schemes (e.g., Jal Jeevan Mission, PM-KISAN) to ensure wider coverage.
Increased focus on gender budgeting and child-centric planning to address specific vulnerabilities.