Appointment: Appointed by the President (Article 155) and holds office during the pleasure of the President (Article 156).

Qualifications: Must be a citizen of India and have completed 35 years of age (Article 157).

Executive Powers: Head of the state executive (Article 154), appoints the Chief Minister and other ministers, Advocate General, State Election Commissioner, and Chairman/members of the State Public Service Commission.

Legislative Powers: Summons, prorogues, and dissolves the state legislature (Article 174); addresses the first session after each general election and the first session of every year (Article 176); can send messages to the legislature; assents to bills (Article 200) or reserves them for the President's consideration; promulgates ordinances (Article 213) when the legislature is not in session.

Financial Powers: Ensures the Annual Financial Statement (state budget) is laid before the legislature; money bills require prior recommendation.

Judicial Powers: Possesses pardoning powers (Article 161) for offenses against state laws; consulted by the President in the appointment of High Court judges.

Discretionary Powers: Significant in situations like appointing a Chief Minister when no clear majority exists, dismissing a ministry that has lost confidence, reserving bills for the President's consideration, seeking information from the Chief Minister, and recommending President's Rule (Article 356).

Acts as the Chancellor of state universities, playing a role in their administration.

Serves as a guardian of the Constitution in the state.

Appointment: Appointed by the President (Article 155) and holds office during the pleasure of the President (Article 156).

Qualifications: Must be a citizen of India and have completed 35 years of age (Article 157).

Executive Powers: Head of the state executive (Article 154), appoints the Chief Minister and other ministers, Advocate General, State Election Commissioner, and Chairman/members of the State Public Service Commission.

Legislative Powers: Summons, prorogues, and dissolves the state legislature (Article 174); addresses the first session after each general election and the first session of every year (Article 176); can send messages to the legislature; assents to bills (Article 200) or reserves them for the President's consideration; promulgates ordinances (Article 213) when the legislature is not in session.

Financial Powers: Ensures the Annual Financial Statement (state budget) is laid before the legislature; money bills require prior recommendation.

Judicial Powers: Possesses pardoning powers (Article 161) for offenses against state laws; consulted by the President in the appointment of High Court judges.

Discretionary Powers: Significant in situations like appointing a Chief Minister when no clear majority exists, dismissing a ministry that has lost confidence, reserving bills for the President's consideration, seeking information from the Chief Minister, and recommending President's Rule (Article 356).

Acts as the Chancellor of state universities, playing a role in their administration.

Serves as a guardian of the Constitution in the state.